德商银行：美国信用评级下调增加美国国债曲线趋陡风险 金十数据5月19日讯，德国商业银行研究部说，穆迪评级将美国国债评级从Aaa下调至Aa1的决定增加了 美国国债曲线趋陡的风险。虽然穆迪正在追赶其他评级机构，但此次降级提醒人们，财政挑战正在加 剧。这"可能会在本周20年期国债拍卖前加剧美国国债的趋陡倾向"。不过，在其他评级机构此前下调美 国国债评级后，投资者都是在美国国债走软时买入的，这一次很可能也是类似的情况。 ...

金十数据5月19日讯，穆迪评级将美国评级从Aaa下调至Aa1，导致长期国债收益率上升，30年期国债收 益率突破了5%的关键水平。KBC分析师在一份报告中表示，评级下调立即引发了长期收益率的膝跳反 应。不过，他们说，考虑到美国政府的预算状况，下调评级决定并不令人意外。此举"在很大程度上是 象征性的，因为另外两家评级机构此前已经下调了评级。" 穆迪下调美国评级，30年期美国国债收益率升至5%以上 ...

点击蓝字，关注我们 若30年期国债收益率上升10个基点，将使其突破5%，达到2023年11月以来的最高水平，更接近当年 的峰值——当时的利率水平为2007年中期以来未见。 尽管收益率上升通常会提振货币， 但债务担忧可能加剧市场对美元的怀疑。 彭博美元指数已接近4月 低点， 期权交易员的情绪也处于五年来最悲观状态 。 今年4月，特朗普的关税承诺迫使投资者重新评估美国资产在其投资组合中的核心地位，美国市场全 面承压。在美国总统暂停对中国加征关税后，部分抛售行情出现逆转，但债券市场投资者的注意力很 快转向美国财政轨迹。 信心流失 投资者本周交易伊始再次面临动荡，美国资产承受新压力，不过此次引发波动的主要因素是对美国债 务的担忧，而非关税问题。 智通财经APP获悉，投资者本周交易伊始再次面临动荡，美国资产承受新压力，不过此次引发波动的 主要因素是对美国债务的担忧，而非关税问题。 上周五晚间， 穆迪评级宣布将美国政府信用评级从最高的Aaa下调至Aa1。 这家评级机构将其原因归 咎于历任总统和国会议员导致的预算赤字不断膨胀，称赤字几乎未有收窄迹象。消息传出后，亚洲早 盘交易中， 美国股市和债券期货随美元一起下跌。 随着国 ...

Core Viewpoint - Moody's has downgraded the U.S. government's credit rating from "Aaa" to "Aa1," marking a significant shift in the perception of U.S. Treasury securities as a safe asset [1][3][4]. Group 1: Rating Downgrade Details - Moody's decision to downgrade the U.S. credit rating was unexpected, occurring before the resolution of ongoing negotiations in Congress regarding major fiscal legislation [3]. - The downgrade reflects concerns over the increasing U.S. government debt and rising interest expenses, with projections indicating a potential increase in government debt by $5 trillion over the next decade due to proposed tax cuts [3][4]. - Following the downgrade announcement, the yield on 10-year U.S. Treasury bonds briefly rose to 4.49%, an increase of approximately 0.05% from before the announcement [4]. Group 2: Market Reactions and Implications - Despite the downgrade, major financial institutions, including Barclays, believe that there will not be a forced sell-off of U.S. Treasuries, as they continue to be viewed as "risk-free" assets [4]. - Japanese financial institutions have expressed that the impact of the downgrade is limited, with no plans to reduce their holdings of U.S. Treasuries [4]. - There is a noted trend of foreign investors, including China, reducing their holdings of U.S. Treasuries, with China's holdings dropping to $765.3 billion, a decrease of $18.9 billion from the previous month [5][6]. Group 3: Broader Economic Context - The downgrade comes at a time when U.S. interest rates are already under upward pressure, influenced by various economic factors including the potential for a stronger fiscal policy under the Trump administration [5]. - The sentiment among investors remains cautious, with ongoing concerns about the U.S. government's ability to manage its debt effectively, which could hinder the return of capital to the U.S. [6].

穆迪认为，美国政府当前财政支出计划无法让强制性支出和赤字在未来出现实质性减少。该机构预计，如果不调整税收和支出，美国预算灵活性仍将有 限，包括利息在内的强制性支出占总支出的比例将从2024年的73%左右升至2035年的78%左右。如果美国国会2017年通过的《减税与就业法案》得以延 长，未来10年内，扣除利息支出后的美国联邦财政赤字将增加约4万亿美元，美国联邦政府债务占国内生产总值（GDP）比重到2035年将升至134%。 摩根大通策略师Jay Barry在一份报告中表示，长期来看，穆迪下调美国评级可能会导致利息支出增加，此举将使美债相对于匹配期限的隔夜指数掉期 （OIS）价格走低。 该策略师表示，鉴于需求格局发生结构性转变，贸易和货币政策存在不确定性，短期内风险倾向于熊陡。这一事件导致的波动程度应该会比4月初关税公 告后出现的波动更小，因为投资者的仓位现在更加中性，而且不太可能像上个月那样出现夸大基本面的市场波动。 报告还称，在其他条件相同的情况下，穆迪此次下调评级，会使30年期掉期利差缩小约5个基点。然而，美债似乎已经显示出比其他类似评级的发达市场 主权债券更高的风险溢价，这表明价格降低的幅度可能比这些系 ...

穆迪对美国政府当前的财政状况和未来预算计划表达了担忧。穆迪在声明中指出，预计到2035年，美国 联邦政府的债务负担将达到GDP的134%，而联邦赤字则可能攀升至GDP的9%。此外，穆迪还警告称， 随着美国经济对关税措施作出调整，未来经济增长速度可能会受到影响并出现放缓。 穆迪认为当前的财政支出计划不足以显著减少未来的强制性支出和赤字。这意味着，在没有税收和支出 调整的情况下，美国政府的预算灵活性将继续受限。穆迪预测，包括利息在内的强制性支出（如社会保 障、医疗保险等）将占到美国政府总支出的更大份额，预计将从2024年的73%上升至2035年的78%。这 意味着更多的预算资源将被用于偿还债务而非其他公共投资或服务。 如果2017年通过的《减税与就业法案》继续生效或被延长，那么在未来十年内，扣除利息后的联邦财政 赤字将增加大约4万亿美元。穆迪预计，到2035年，美国联邦政府债务占GDP的比例将达到134%，这表 明债务负担将持续加重。 新华财经北京5月19日电国际信用评级机构穆迪于当地时间5月16日宣布，鉴于美国政府债务规模及其利 息支付比例的持续增长，决定将美国的主权信用评级从AAA下调一级至AA1，并将评级展 ...

2025.05. 19 本文字数：1565，阅读时长大约3分钟 针对美国赤字财政的不可持续，不同于民主党政府倾向于通过向富人征税，平衡赤字，特朗普政府执 政以来的对外增加关税、对内减税、通过DOGE削减财政支出、去监管等降低经济社会运行成本，及 开创"特朗普金卡"筹资、对非公民海外汇款征税等，都在不同程度围绕着可持续美国财政预算和赤 字经济展开。 历届美国政府都重视美国财政赤字问题，缘于美国国债在美国乃至全球政经领域的极端重要性，即若 美国财政赤字的可持续性问题无法获得系统性解决，那么失去最高主权信用评级后，美国国债将很难 在金融实务中被看作完全安全资产，这会极速提升美国国债收益率曲线，抬高全球金融市场风险资产 的风险溢价，提高全球经贸体系的运行成本和融资成本等，导致市场需更多额外资本吸附美国国债收 益率陡峭带来的敞口风险。 这不利于全球经济增长，并加剧新兴经济体美元流动性成本，增加新兴经济体的风险压力。毕竟，若 美国主权信用评级完全无缘最高信用评级，即便美联储采取降息举措，美国国债收益率曲线也不一定 会随之回调，反而相比3A的公司债，市场需要为美国国债计提与其信用评级匹配的风险溢价。 当然，市场最大的担心是 ...

Core Viewpoint - U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen expressed skepticism towards Moody's decision to downgrade the U.S. credit rating, indicating a lack of confidence in the rating agency's assessment [1] Group 1 - Yellen's response highlights the government's stance on credit ratings and their implications for investor confidence [1] - The downgrade by Moody's may reflect broader concerns about fiscal policy and economic stability in the U.S. [1] - The reaction from the Treasury Secretary suggests potential tensions between government officials and credit rating agencies [1]

Core Viewpoint - The downgrade of the U.S. sovereign credit rating by major credit rating agencies signals that U.S. government debt may no longer be considered a risk-free asset [2][3]. Group 1: Credit Rating Downgrade - Moody's downgraded the U.S. sovereign credit rating from Aaa to Aa1, with a stable outlook, following similar actions by S&P Global Ratings and Fitch Ratings [2][3]. - The downgrades are closely linked to the unsustainable nature of U.S. government debt, with the debt-to-GDP ratio projected to rise from 6.4% in 2024 to 9% by 2035 [2][3]. - Mandatory spending, including interest payments, is expected to account for 78% of total government spending by 2035, up from 73% in 2024 [2]. Group 2: Market Implications - The current downgrade is unlikely to trigger immediate panic in the markets, unlike the 2011 downgrade, due to relaxed conditions for eligible collateral [3]. - However, the downgrade increases risk exposure in the market, as the sustainability of U.S. fiscal policy remains a concern [3][4]. - If U.S. debt is no longer viewed as a safe asset, it could lead to a steep rise in U.S. Treasury yields, increasing the risk premium for global financial markets [4]. Group 3: Global Economic Impact - The downgrade could hinder global economic growth and raise liquidity costs for emerging economies, increasing their risk pressures [4]. - The loss of the highest credit rating for U.S. debt may destabilize the global financial market, which relies on U.S. Treasuries as a stability anchor [4][5]. - The need for bipartisan cooperation in U.S. fiscal policy is emphasized to restore the sovereign credit rating to its highest level [4][5]. Group 4: Investor Considerations - Investors holding significant dollar-denominated assets are advised to conduct risk assessments and adjust their asset allocations accordingly [5]. - The downgrade serves as a warning for the U.S. government to address its fiscal responsibilities and move towards a sustainable fiscal path [5].

Group 1: U.S. Treasury Holdings Overview - As of March, foreign countries and regions held $90,495 billion in U.S. Treasury securities, with a month-over-month increase of $2,331 billion [1] - Japan remains the largest foreign holder of U.S. debt, increasing its holdings by $49 billion to $1,130.8 billion, marking the third consecutive month of increases [1][7] - China reduced its holdings by $189 billion, bringing its total to $765.4 billion, the lowest level since 2009 [2][5] Group 2: Changes in Major Holders - The United Kingdom increased its U.S. Treasury holdings by $289 billion to $779.3 billion, surpassing China to become the second-largest holder [2][6] - In March, total net inflows into U.S. securities and bank cash from overseas reached $2,543 billion, with private funds contributing $2,592 billion and official funds experiencing a net outflow of $49 billion [3][4] Group 3: Investment Trends and Motivations - In March, overseas net purchases of U.S. long-term securities amounted to $1,832 billion, with private investors net buying $1,460 billion and official institutions net buying $373 billion [4] - Japan's motivations for increasing its U.S. Treasury holdings include currency intervention, leveraging its holdings in trade negotiations, and adjustments in monetary policy [8][9][10] Group 4: U.S. Fiscal Challenges - Moody's downgraded the U.S. sovereign credit rating from Aaa to Aa1, citing increasing budget deficits and rising costs of debt refinancing under high interest rates [13][14] - The U.S. federal debt has surpassed $36 trillion, with a fiscal deficit exceeding $1.3 trillion in the first half of the fiscal year, marking the second-highest deficit on record [17]