Core Viewpoint - The OLED industry is at a critical juncture as it expands into medium and large-sized markets, facing challenges related to cost and technology bottlenecks [2][5]. OLED Application Expansion Status - In 2024, the penetration rate of OLED technology in the smartphone sector is expected to exceed 60%, with foldable phones being a significant highlight [3]. - Advances in 3D printing technology and ultra-thin glass (UTG) have improved the thickness and cost of foldable screens, enhancing their market potential [3]. - Apple is rumored to launch a foldable phone in 2026, which may accelerate industry standards and supply chain maturity [3]. Medium and Large-Sized OLED Market - The application of OLED in medium and large-sized displays, such as monitors and laptops, is growing but remains in the early stages compared to smartphones [5]. - Cost and lifespan issues are critical barriers for OLED technology in the medium-sized market [5]. - Major manufacturers like Samsung Display, BOE, and Visionox are investing in high-generation OLED production lines to capture this market [5]. Technical and Cost Challenges - Backplane technology is a key factor affecting OLED costs, with Samsung opting for Oxide technology and BOE choosing LTPO technology [5]. - LTPO technology, while promising, is more complex and costly, primarily used in small-sized panels [6]. - Upgrading deposition technology from 6th to 8.6th generation presents challenges, including increased difficulty in developing fine metal masks (FMM) and issues with color deviation [6][8]. Cost Dynamics in Production - The cost of OLED panels varies significantly across different generations, with 5.5 generation lines producing panels at a cost of $70-$80, while 6th generation lines may see costs rise to $100-$120 [8]. - Initial costs for higher generation lines can reach $600-$700 due to equipment investment and yield issues, but costs are expected to decrease over time [8][9]. Competitive Landscape: QD-OLED vs. WOLED - QD-OLED, led by Samsung, enhances color purity and brightness but is currently more expensive due to new equipment and material costs [11][13]. - WOLED, developed by LG Display, offers better uniformity and lower costs but may suffer from color saturation issues in high brightness scenarios [11][13]. - Both technologies are evolving, with QD-OLED improving energy efficiency and WOLED enhancing white light brightness [13]. Conclusion - Domestic manufacturers are making breakthroughs in key materials and equipment, which will accelerate the reduction of OLED costs [14]. - The medium and large-sized OLED market is in a critical phase of technological innovation and cost control, with manufacturers exploring new production techniques [14][15]. - Despite challenges, the future of the medium and large-sized OLED market remains promising, driven by brand initiatives and ongoing technological advancements [15].