Group 1: Quantum Measurement Technology Overview - The Anhui Province Science and Technology Department announced the selection of the Hefei Houdian Quantum Application Demonstration Substation as one of the top ten benchmark demonstration scenarios for 2024, marking it as the world's first 220 kV quantum application demonstration substation [1] - The substation features the world's first current transformer based on quantum precision measurement technology, which is one-tenth the size of traditional devices but offers significantly improved measurement accuracy, showcasing the advantages of quantum technology [1] - Quantum measurement technology has broken the precision limitations of classical measurement, expanding the dimensions of physical information perception and forming a triad with quantum communication and quantum computing [1] Group 2: Development and Applications - China has made significant advancements in quantum measurement technology, achieving breakthroughs in core devices such as atomic clocks, quantum gravimeters, and NV diamond technology, positioning itself as a key player in the international quantum technology competition [1][5] - The domestic quantum measurement technology industry has rapidly developed, with companies emerging and achieving high levels of industrialization, particularly in fields like time, magnetic field, and gravity measurement [6] - Quantum measurement technology has been successfully applied in various fields, including ultra-high voltage power grids and mineral exploration, with notable innovations such as the world's first ±800 kV ultra-high voltage direct current quantum current sensor [6][7] Group 3: Challenges and Future Directions - Despite significant progress, experts indicate that China still has considerable ground to cover compared to advanced countries in several dimensions, including original theoretical research and performance indicators of core instruments [10][12] - The need for deeper foundational research and the cultivation of interdisciplinary talent is emphasized to enhance innovation and address the gaps in quantum measurement technology [12][15] - The quantum measurement market is projected to reach several billion dollars by 2030, highlighting the importance of accelerating technological breakthroughs and achieving successful commercialization [15][16]

我们每天都在解决复杂问题，只是自己没太察觉。比如去买杯咖啡，看似轻而易举，实际上背后牵 涉一系列步骤：出门、走路、点单、付款…… 这就像要同时在脑中演练4种可能走法，好比同时参与4场对话，没人能撑得住。但正因为没人能完 美答对，科学家才能看清，他们到底是怎么一步步做决定的。换句话说，正是因为任务"超纲"，才逼得 人们不得不见招拆招、灵活应对。科学家正是通过这种游戏，观察人脑是如何做出"还不错"的解答。 一旦中途遇到状况，比如电梯坏了、门店关了，大脑迅速调整策略，以保障你能喝上咖啡。 这是人类大脑的拿手好戏：把大问题拆成小任务，再逐个攻克。 但科学家一直想知道，大脑是如何做到临场应变的？这些策略怎么运作，至今仍是谜。 为了解开这一谜题，美国麻省理工学院科学家设计了一个实验。他们请来约150位志愿者，请他们 判断，一个看不见的小球，在一个迷宫中穿行，究竟走的是哪条路。小球每经过迷宫中的关键节点，就 会发出一声"叮"，整个迷宫有4条可能路径，参与者要凭提示音的时间间隔来做出判断。 听起来像是在玩声音版走迷宫游戏，但其实这任务难得离谱。 实验开始后，每当听到两个提示音，参与者就要猜测小球走的是哪条路。与此同时，科学家 ...

Group 1 - The coal-water pool sludge treatment project by Guodian Power's Jinjie Company has officially entered the trial operation phase, aiming to efficiently process and recycle sludge, thus addressing environmental concerns related to sludge accumulation [1] - The project utilizes an integrated treatment process that includes wastewater collection, high-frequency coarse interception, efficient concentration, sludge dewatering, and water reuse, replacing traditional outdoor drying methods [1] - The technology allows for the separation of sludge and clean water, achieving a stable sludge moisture content of below 20%, which meets boiler co-firing standards, while the quality of recycled water exceeds industry reuse standards [1] Group 2 - Guodian Power emphasizes ecological priority and proactive governance, focusing on pollution reduction and carbon reduction, while promoting the principles of solid waste reduction, resource utilization, and harmlessness [2] - The company is exploring new models and pathways for solid waste governance and utilization in the coal-based energy sector, systematically addressing the reduction and disposal of coal-based solid waste [2] - Guodian Power aims to enhance the comprehensive utilization and disposal levels of solid and hazardous waste, supporting high-quality development of ecological environment and social economy [2]

Core Insights - The Vera C. Rubin Observatory, named after the American astronomer, is set to unveil more cosmic mysteries with its operations beginning by the end of this year [1][2] - The observatory, with a budget of $810 million, will utilize the world's largest digital camera to conduct groundbreaking missions in astronomy [2][3] Group 1: Observatory Features - The observatory features an 8.4-meter diameter telescope that can create panoramic images of the southern sky every three days [3] - It is equipped with the largest "Legacy Survey of Space and Time" (LSST) digital camera, boasting a resolution of 3.2 billion pixels, designed for wide-field, rapid, and deep imaging [3][5] - The LSST camera will generate approximately 20 terabytes of data each night, which is 350 times the daily data output of the James Webb Space Telescope [3] Group 2: Scientific Missions - The observatory aims to map the universe, track dark matter, discover millions of new solar system bodies, and provide early warnings for near-Earth objects [2][6] - It will explore the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy, potentially revealing the structure of the universe and the nature of these elusive components [6][8] - The observatory will also enhance understanding of the solar system and the Milky Way by identifying near-Earth asteroids and reconstructing the galaxy's evolutionary history [7][8] Group 3: Data Accessibility and Collaboration - All observational data, including calibration images and real-time alerts, will be made freely available to the global scientific community, promoting collaboration between professional and amateur astronomers [7][8] - The observatory's advanced software processing system will utilize statistical analysis and machine learning to identify anomalies in astronomical data, generating over 8 million alerts each night [5][6]

Group 1: AI Sports Technology in Schools - The integration of AI sports technology in schools is transforming the physical education landscape, making it more engaging and personalized for students [1][4] - In Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, AI smart sports screens are used to capture real-time data on students' physical activities, enhancing their competitive spirit and enjoyment [2][3] - The AI smart sports screens provide personalized training plans based on individual performance data, allowing teachers to address specific weaknesses in students' physical abilities [4] Group 2: Laser Simulation Shooting Training - In Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, laser simulation shooting training has become a popular course, utilizing high-tech equipment to create a safe and engaging shooting experience for students [5][6] - The training system uses pulse lasers instead of real ammunition, ensuring safety while replicating 90% of real shooting scenarios, which enhances students' focus and psychological resilience [5][6] - Students' physiological data, such as heart rate and breathing frequency, are recorded during training, providing insights into their physical condition and performance [5] Group 3: AI Posture Assessment - In Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, AI assessment devices are being used to identify posture issues in students, generating detailed reports on their spinal health and providing corrective recommendations [7][8] - The AI posture assessment system captures key indicators of spinal health and has been integrated into the national sports database for further research and intervention [8] - The trend of posture abnormalities among children and adolescents is increasing, prompting the need for early detection and intervention strategies [7]

Core Viewpoint - The effectiveness and safety of sunscreen products decrease significantly after being opened for more than a year, with SPF values potentially dropping by 30% to 50% [2] Group 1: Sunscreen Stability and Expiration - Sunscreen has a shelf life of 2 to 3 years when unopened, but this changes once opened, as active ingredients degrade due to light, temperature, and oxygen exposure [2] - After being opened for over a year, the actual SPF value of a sunscreen labeled SPF 50 could be reduced to between 25 and 35 [2] - Sunscreens that have been opened for a long time may have an increased microbial count, leading to potential skin allergies [2] Group 2: Proper Usage and Application - The standard application amount for sunscreen is 2 mg/cm², with a typical adult face requiring about 1 to 1.2 grams to achieve optimal protection [4] - Sunscreen should be reapplied every 2 to 3 hours, especially after sweating or swimming, as even "water-resistant" products only maintain effectiveness for 40 to 80 minutes [4] - Choosing the right sunscreen based on skin type is crucial; sensitive skin should use physical sunscreens, while oily skin may prefer lighter formulations [4] Group 3: Storage and Cleaning - Sunscreen should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its effectiveness [3] - Proper evening cleansing is important; regular sunscreens can be washed off with face wash, while waterproof sunscreens require specialized makeup removers [5] Group 4: Interaction with Other Products - Using insect repellent in conjunction with sunscreen may significantly reduce the sunscreen's effectiveness against UVB rays [6] - Research indicates that the combination of sunscreen and insect repellent leads to increased absorption of certain chemicals, potentially compromising the protective effects of the sunscreen [6]

Core Insights - The research team has identified a nearly complete ancient human skull found in Harbin, China, as belonging to the Denisovans, providing significant insights into their physical appearance and genetic lineage [1][2]. Group 1: Research Breakthroughs - The team developed a new automated method for analyzing ancient proteins, yielding the highest quality and most informative ancient human protein data to date [2]. - They confirmed that the Harbin ancient human's protein characteristics closely match those of known Siberian Denisovans, indicating a very close genetic relationship [2]. - The researchers successfully extracted unique mitochondrial DNA from micro dental calculus samples weighing only 0.3 milligrams and 0.5 milligrams, linking the Harbin ancient human to an early lineage of Denisovans from Siberia [2]. Group 2: Significance of Findings - This research establishes a direct connection between a nearly complete ancient human skull and molecular evidence of Denisovans, marking the first time such a link has been made [2]. - The findings have been highly praised by peer reviewers for showcasing exceptional experimental and computational analysis techniques, contributing significantly to the understanding of Denisovans [2].

研究团队在北美最干燥地区——加州死亡谷，对该装置进行了为期一周的户外测试。在相对湿度为21% 至88%的条件下，装置日均产水量为57毫升至161.5毫升，表现优于同类系统。测试中获取的水样盐分 含量远低于安全饮用标准。 研究团队估计，将多个面板组合成阵列，理论上即可满足一个家庭的日常饮水需求。该装置在空气湿度 较高的地区将具有更大的产水潜力。 （文章来源：科技日报） 夜间，水凝胶从空气中吸收水蒸气，小圆顶随之膨胀；白天，在阳光照射下，水蒸气从凝胶中释放，小 圆顶则像折纸一样收缩。释放出的水蒸气凝结在玻璃内壁上，汇集后通过管道排出，成为可直接饮用的 清水。 该系统解决了水凝胶材料常见的盐泄漏问题。传统吸湿凝胶常需添加盐类（如氯化锂）增强吸水能力， 但盐分可能随水渗出，需额外净化处理。为解决这一问题，研究团队在水凝胶中引入了甘油，能有效稳 定盐分，防止其结晶或外泄。同时，凝胶材料的微观结构也避免了纳米孔道造成的盐渗透风险。 美国麻省理工学院研究团队研发并测试了一种新型大气水收集装置。它能在无需外部电力的情况下，从 空气中高效提取饮用水。实地测试表明，该装置即使在沙漠中也能稳定运行，每天可"榨出"最多160毫 升饮 ...

与以往的点对点钟表比对不同，这次实验首次实现多台光钟同时比对，并结合了多种链路技术，从而获 得了更丰富的信息。通过一整套协调测量，研究团队可以同时检验一致性并提高可信度。这对于决定哪 些光钟适合用于新"秒"的定义具有重要意义。 为实现这些比对，研究团队需要将各地光钟系统的频率输出连接起来。他们采用了两种方式：一是使用 GPS卫星信号，适用于所有地点但精度有限；二是通过光纤传输激光信号，这种方式精度比前者高出 100倍，但仅限法国、德国和意大利之间。 在一项新研究中，科学家开展了迄今最全面的光学原子钟（以下简称"光钟"）协调比对实验。他们在6 个国家同步运行多台光钟及其连接链路，跨越数千公里，迈出了更精确定义"秒"这一基本时间单位，建 立全球光学时间尺度的重要一步。在最新一期《光学》期刊上，来自多个研究机构的团队发表了这项研 究成果。 光钟利用激光精准激发原子，使其在特定能级间跃迁。这些跃迁会产生极其稳定的频率，就像钟表里 的"滴答声"，可以用来计时。由于光钟种类众多所用原子不同，要充分发挥其高精度潜力，必须进行跨 地域比对，确认它们的一致性。 几十年来，全球统一的时间标准一直基于多台铯微波原子钟信号的平均值。 ...

"我们已经闻到了6G的味道。"在6月18日举行的全球新一代信息通信技术合作组织（GTI）国际产业大 会上，GTI主席高同庆表示，6G发展逻辑与4G、5G不一样，6G的发展将升级为绝对的场景需求导向， 消费机器人、智能终端、网联汽车、低空经济等领域将推动6G移动智能创新的快速发展。 当前，人形机器人、智能驾驶、无人机、智能家电等移动终端的加速应用对移动通信网络提出了更高的 要求。一些人形机器人产品与人进行流畅的互动存在时延的问题。"人工智能推理的需求激增，进一步 促进了移动智能融合发展。"高同庆表示，当前移动通信正在从5G-A向6G发展，智能时代网络、算力等 基础设施能力需与时俱进。 事实上，业内已经达成共识，5G-A技术能力的释放正是迈向6G的前提。"过去一年，5G-A正在从产业 共识走向规模化部署。"华为常务董事汪涛在演讲中表示，在新兴应用高速喷涌的时代下，5G-A通信基 础设施在网络速度、物联网应用场景以及商业化变现等方面仍然存在挑战和提升空间。面向未来，推动 全球统一标准、完成频谱准备以及推动产业链成熟是迈向6G时代的关键。"从终端设备和芯片的研制， 到网络建设、运营，是面向6G构建完善的、有竞争力的产 ...