在临近空间之上、传统低轨空间以下，隐藏着一片尚未被充分开发的新域空间——超低轨空间。 中国科学院力学研究所研究员黄河激展示的一张论文统计图显示，过去25年，全球关于超低轨空间的学 术论文数量激增，尤其是2020年以来几乎呈直线上升趋势。 超低轨空间上承低、中、高轨空间，下接临近空间和地表，具有特殊空间位置与独特物理特性。"超低 轨空间不仅是物质与信息进出空天的必经区，还是近地空间环境圈层耦合研究最后的缺失区，更是空天 前瞻布局的关键区。"黄河激说。 黄河激进一步补充，超低轨空间离地表更近，易于将对地观测精度提升至红外亚米级、合成孔径雷达厘 米级，即使在夜间或雾天也能"看得清"。此外，利用超低轨空间，还能缩短信息传输时延，提升天地信 息传输能力，有望实现6G手机直连，将通信延迟降低至20毫秒以下。 安全、可靠、快速、低成本进出空间，是大规模开发利用太空资源的前提。多位与会专家认为，超低轨 空间具备发射与投送速度快、空间辐照低、碎片数量少等优势，可有效降低卫星研发和发射成本，提升 信息获取和传输效率，适用于卫星批量化生产和高密度发射。 攻关三大核心难题 超低轨空间的轨位优势，正在激发学术界和产业界的无穷想象。然而 ...

DeepSeek的开源，让整个人工智能行业不再苦于"大规模训练对GPU资源的依赖"，AI可用性变得触手可 及。 鸿蒙的开源，在操作系统"双强争霸"的格局中，开出"第三条路"，构建出更为丰富的软件生态。 人类基因组数据的开放共享，让生命科学整体进入分子时代，催生了无数基因技术，带来了医学健康领 域的重大革新。 初步的开源助力我国研发团队对脑电信号的识别能力不断增强。在今年初的国际消费类电子产品展览会 （CES）上，我国无创脑机接口团队与机器人团队合作的脑控机器人已经可以完成倒立、旋转等一连串 舞蹈动作。 但这些还远远不够。在采访中，记者了解到，受限于基础数据的有效挖掘和积累，当前脑机接口能做的 事情还很少。 开源正是打开"未来之门"的金钥匙。开源不仅可以吸引全球研究者一起开发代码，加速技术进步，还可 以有效整合资源，逐渐形成人脑数据的完整"拼图"。 为此，多位专家呼吁，相关部门在推出脑机接口培育政策的同时，营造开源共享生态，建议由政府、科 研机构或行业组织牵头，搭建脑机接口与人工智能一体化开源平台，统一技术标准，整合数据、算法及 软硬件资源，有效规避各地及研究团队的重复建设，加速技术创新与产业协同发展。 （文章 ...

"此次上线的智能化工大模型2.0 Pro功能升级，在保持700亿参数规模的基础上，上下文长度大幅扩展。 性能评测方面，智能化工大模型2.0 Pro在催化剂性质、换热、设备、安全等十大化工核心维度上的平均 问答准确率有大幅度提升，进一步巩固了在化工领域的技术领先地位。"科大讯飞研究院副院长李鑫介 绍。 据了解，目前团队正在着力构建化工数据中心和知识底座，预期将建起全链条数据的化工知识底座，智 能化工大模型3.0也将于今年发布。 （文章来源：科技日报） 21日，2025全国石油和化工行业科技创新大会，发布了由中国科学院大连化学物理研究所（以下简 称"大连化物所"）和科大讯飞、中国科学院文献情报中心等单位联合研发的智能化工大模型2.0 Pro版 本。作为我国化工行业首个大模型，智能化工大模型已应用在40余家化工企业、设计院和高校，我国化 工行业将实现新技术"从实验室一步到工厂"。 传统化工行业新技术开发通常须经过实验室小试、中试、工业性试验和工业示范等逐级放大过程，一般 需10年以上才能建成工厂。中国工程院院士、中国科学院大连化学物理研究所所长刘中民介绍，智能化 工大模型可降低研发成本、提高研发效率和质量，推动化工 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful breeding and conservation efforts of the Sichuan golden monkey in the Qinling Mountains, with nearly 40 newborns reported this year, indicating a healthy population growth [1][2] - Advanced technologies, including AI frameworks for behavior analysis, are being utilized to enhance the understanding and protection of the species, showcasing a shift from traditional conservation methods to intelligent management [3] Group 1: Breeding and Population Growth - The breeding season for the Sichuan golden monkey occurs from March to May, with the monitoring base reporting the birth of nearly 40 infants this year [1] - The population of Sichuan golden monkeys in the protection area has increased from 11 groups with over 1,200 individuals to 24 groups with more than 1,900 individuals [3] Group 2: Research and Technological Advancements - The research team has developed a "monkey face recognition" technology that allows for precise identification of individual monkeys, contributing to a detailed database of the species [2] - An open-source AI framework has been released that can analyze animal behavior intentions, providing insights into the social interactions and communication of the monkeys [3]

"五一"假期，深圳技术大学新能源汽车工程实验室依然灯火通明。李和言教授团队正与比亚迪、华为等 企业工程师调试履带式巡检车。 该行动方案发布4天后，深圳技术大学借政策"东风"大胆改革，出台《深圳技术大学教学科研人员创办 企业管理办法》《深圳技术大学职务科技成果赋权管理办法（试行）》等促进科技成果转化落地制度， 明确"学校赋予成果完成人职务科技成果共同所有权或不低于10年的长期使用权。学校与成果完成人签 署书面协议，合理约定转化科技成果收益分配比例等事项，明确转化科技成果各方的权利和义务"。 2024年6月至8月，深圳技术大学将"综合能源系统电热联合电磁暂态仿真模型建立计算方法"等5项发明 专利赋予李和言10年无偿使用权，并许可李和言创办的龙坪智能科技（常州）有限公司独占使用，未来 个人部分收益可捐赠学校。这种"赋权成果转化+约定收益捐赠"的创新模式，一方面使高校在支持科技 成果转化过程中不占企业股份，充分保障孵化企业自主经营权，另一方面可通过接受被赋权人利润捐赠 形式实现收益共享，形成多方共赢的良性循环。 "赋权改革解开了束缚科研人员的制度绳索。"李和言感触颇深，学校建立"先确权后转化"机制，设置科 技成果转化 ...

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of agricultural technology in ensuring a successful summer harvest, particularly in the face of drought conditions affecting various regions in China [1][2] - The use of drought-resistant wheat varieties, such as "Luo Dry 22," developed by the Luoyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, has been crucial in mitigating losses in drought-prone areas [2][3] - Advanced agricultural practices, including water and fertilizer integration, precision irrigation, and smart monitoring systems, are being implemented to enhance crop yields and resource efficiency [3][4] Group 2 - The article highlights the significant irrigation efforts in Henan Province, where over 23.92 billion cubic meters of water have been utilized to irrigate approximately 18.44 million acres of farmland [4] - In Gansu Province, the establishment of a refined water resource scheduling system has allowed for effective irrigation coverage of 1.2 million acres, addressing the water scarcity crisis [4][5] - Agricultural technology personnel are actively involved in on-site support, providing tailored guidance to farmers on water and fertilizer management, which is essential for improving drought resistance [6]

Core Viewpoint - The successful operation of the 750 kV AC system at the Zhongning Converter Station marks a significant milestone in the commissioning of China's first desert and Gobi renewable energy transmission corridor, facilitating the delivery of green electricity from Ningxia to Hunan [1][2]. Group 1: Project Overview - The Ningxia to Hunan ±800 kV UHVDC project is a key initiative under the national "14th Five-Year" electricity development plan, with the Zhongning Converter Station serving as the sending end [2]. - Upon completion, the project is expected to deliver 36 billion kWh of green electricity annually to Hunan, with over 50% coming from renewable sources, significantly reducing CO2 emissions by over 16 million tons each year [2]. Group 2: Operational Details - The 750 kV AC system, completed on May 10, 2023, serves as a critical link for power conversion and networking within the UHV project, ensuring stable operation for future developments [1]. - The project will commence the energization testing of the bipolar low-end converter on June 1, 2023, and aims to officially start electricity delivery to Hunan by mid-June [2]. Group 3: Impact on Energy Supply - The project is anticipated to increase Hunan's electricity supply by approximately one-sixth, addressing the bottleneck of local renewable energy consumption in Ningxia and enhancing the power supply security for Hunan [2]. - The successful integration of this "green energy artery" will bolster Ningxia's grid capacity for external electricity transmission to 20 million kW, contributing to the establishment of a new energy system [2].

Core Insights - The article highlights the increasing prevalence of spinal issues among various demographics, including office workers and manual laborers, emphasizing the need for awareness and preventive measures for spinal health [1] Common Spinal Diseases - Common spinal diseases primarily affect the cervical and lumbar regions, with cervical spondylosis being a significant concern. Types include cervical spondylosis, nerve root type, spinal cord type, sympathetic type, and vertebral artery type [2] - Cervical spondylosis symptoms include neck stiffness, pain, and swelling, often caused by improper sleeping positions, prolonged phone use, and incorrect work postures. Young individuals are particularly affected [2] - Lumbar disc herniation is the most common lumbar-related disease, where the intervertebral disc can bulge and compress nerves, leading to severe pain and potential loss of bowel or bladder control [3] Preventive Measures - To prevent cervical and lumbar diseases, it is advised to maintain a proper distance between the chin and chest while using phones or computers, and to take breaks every hour during prolonged sitting [4] - There is a misconception that high-impact exercises like running or jumping are beneficial for spinal health. Instead, stability-focused exercises such as swimming and hip bridges are recommended to strengthen the muscles supporting the spine [5] - The article emphasizes that preventing spinal diseases requires lifelong commitment to healthy habits and proper exercise techniques [5]

Group 1 - The research conducted by Tsinghua University and international astronomers utilized the FAST and MeerKAT telescopes to perform a high-precision pulsar polarization survey of globular clusters, providing the most comprehensive measurements of magnetic field gradients and ionized gas limits to date [1] - The study observed 43 pulsars across 8 globular clusters, doubling the global sample size and creating a clearer map of the Milky Way's magnetic field [1] - The findings were published as a cover article in the journal "Science Bulletin" on May 20 [1] Group 2 - The research revealed that, apart from 47 Tucanae, other globular clusters lacked detectable ionized gas, contradicting theoretical models that predicted significant gas presence [2] - This unexpected finding suggests the existence of effective gas-clearing mechanisms within globular clusters, potentially driven by strong radiation winds from white dwarfs and young stars [2] - The results challenge existing theories of globular cluster evolution, prompting a reevaluation of current models [2]

Core Insights - The research team successfully analyzed the genetic structure of global snow leopard populations, revealing low genetic diversity and survival strategies for long-term persistence [1][2] - The study is the most comprehensive genomic research on snow leopards to date, involving collaboration with multiple institutions and experts [1] Group 1: Genetic Structure and Population Division - Global snow leopards can be divided into two major genetic lineages: northern and southern lineages, with the northern lineage primarily found in Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, and Xinjiang, China, while the southern lineage is mainly in Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan, and Gansu [1] - A high-quality reference genome for a female snow leopard was constructed, and whole-genome resequencing was performed on 52 samples, including skins, tissues, and blood [1] Group 2: Evolutionary History and Genetic Diversity - The population history analysis indicates a decline in snow leopard numbers from approximately 700,000 years ago to 10,000 years ago, with both lineages experiencing significant population bottlenecks during the last glacial maximum [2] - Genetic assessments show that the northern lineage has lower genome heterozygosity and genetic diversity compared to the southern lineage, correlating with its evolutionary history and smaller effective population size [2] Group 3: Implications for Conservation - Despite facing risks of low genetic diversity and high inbreeding levels, historical population bottlenecks and inbreeding have purged harmful mutations, aiding in the survival and long-term persistence of the species [2] - The findings enhance the understanding of snow leopard evolutionary potential and adaptive evolution, providing a basis for developing scientific conservation strategies [2]