Core Insights - The development of DiffInvex, an innovative computational framework by the Barcelona Institute of Biomedical Research, allows tracking the transformation of healthy cells into tumors and the genetic evolutionary pressures tumors face during chemotherapy [1][2] - The study, published in Nature Communications, analyzed over 11,000 samples across approximately 30 different tissue types, successfully identifying pathways that lead to tumor resistance to treatment and pinpointing genes that may trigger drug resistance [1][2] Group 1 - DiffInvex establishes a baseline for "neutral" mutation rates by analyzing mutations in important coding and non-coding gene regions, thereby eliminating uncertainties in assessments [2] - The research identified 11 genes with significantly increased mutation frequencies after specific types of chemotherapy, including known key driver genes such as IK3CA, SMAD4, and STK11 [2] - The study compared 1,722 genomes from healthy tissues and corresponding tumor types, revealing that some cancer drivers may be evolutionary products rather than direct initiators of the disease [2] Group 2 - The findings provide potential for rational drug combination designs, suggesting that combining standard chemotherapy with inhibitors targeting PIK3CA or STK11 signaling pathways may delay or prevent cancer recurrence [2] - The research contributes to improving early detection methods, potentially reducing unnecessary anxiety for patients [2] - This study represents a breakthrough in understanding tumor survival strategies and offers a new perspective on the evolutionary mechanisms of tumors during chemotherapy [3]

Core Insights - The Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle has made significant progress in human resources collaboration over the past five years, focusing on employment, social security, and public services [1][2][3] Group 1: Human Resources Development - The two regions have established five national-level human resources service platforms and formed an alliance for the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle human resources service industry park [1] - A total of 92 strategic cooperation tasks have been implemented, enhancing the quality and efficiency of resource allocation and facilitating personnel mobility [1] - The regions have recognized over 700,000 professional technical personnel through a cross-regional talent title evaluation mechanism [1][3] Group 2: Employment and Entrepreneurship - The cumulative urban employment in the Chengdu-Chongqing area reached 8.68 million over the past five years, with an annual employment rate for unemployed college graduates exceeding 90% [2] - A high-quality employment evaluation index system has been established to promote entrepreneurship and investment in the region [2] Group 3: Skills and Talent Training - The regions have launched a directory of urgently needed talents and implemented a joint recruitment mechanism for public institutions [3] - A total of 1,600,000 skilled talents are present in the region, with significant achievements in national and international skill competitions [3] - The establishment of a "smart + skills" digital talent training experimental zone is underway, along with the creation of two collaborative training zones for skilled workers [3] Group 4: Future Initiatives - Future plans include creating a unified and open high-standard human resources market system and deepening the shared mechanism for talent cultivation [4] - The regions aim to integrate talent chains with industrial and innovation chains, enhancing collaboration in technical education and training [4]

Core Insights - The research challenges the reliability of the Scoville scale, which has been used for over a century to measure the spiciness of peppers based on the total content of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - A team from Ohio State University discovered three compounds that can reduce the perception of spiciness in peppers, despite high levels of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin [1] - The study involved analyzing ten types of dried pepper samples and found significant differences in perceived spiciness, indicating the influence of other chemical components [1] Group 2: Implications for Industry - The identification of five potential compounds that modulate spiciness, including three confirmed to effectively reduce heat, opens new avenues for personalized spice levels in the food industry [2] - The findings may lead to the development of household "spice-reducing" condiments and have potential applications in medicine, such as new molecular targets for pain relief drug development [2]

原标题：湖南郴州： 15条"干货"措施支持大学生创业 在湖南省郴州市近日召开的"创业郴州 万事无忧"支持大学生创业新闻发布会上，《郴州市大力支 持大学生创业若干政策》（以下简称《若干政策》）发布。围绕资金扶持、创业补贴、项目奖励、典型 推介、创业服务等方面，《若干政策》提出15条"干货"措施。同日，"湘易办"郴州市大学生创业服务专 区上线，可一键实现大学生创业服务直达、政策直享、手续直办。 今年，郴州市委、市政府计划启动"九个一"工作，即：出台一套创业支持政策、设立一个创业专项 资金、建设一批创业孵化基地、聘请一批创业导师、优化一个创业教育课程体系、选树一批创业典型、 建设一批创业驿站、推送一批创业项目、在"湘易办"郴州旗舰店开设一个创业服务专区，全力打造"创 业郴州 万事无忧"的大学生创业品牌和年轻人友好城市。 根据此次出台的《若干政策》，郴州计划每年安排1000万元专项资金支持大学生创业，培育和认定 一批大学生创业孵化器，围绕郴州"1221"现代化产业体系建设聘请一批大学生创业导师，为大学生创业 提供项目诊断、资源对接及全期辅导。同时，《若干政策》还提出设立"大学生创业指导工作室"，重点 扶持技术升级、产 ...

Core Viewpoint - The launch of new policies to enhance the technology finance system in China marks the beginning of a golden era for technology finance, aiming to support high-level technological self-reliance and innovation [1][6]. Policy Initiatives - The new policy measures include the establishment of a national venture capital guidance fund, encouragement for insurance funds to participate in major technological tasks, and the creation of a "technology board" in the bond market [1][4]. - The policies aim to improve the matching and precision of financial support for technological innovation, indicating a more refined top-level design for technology finance in China [1][5]. Industry Growth - The central financial work conference has prioritized technology finance, with a focus on guiding financial capital towards early, small, long-term, and hard technology investments [2][3]. - Companies like Shenzhen Tenfeng Technology Co., Ltd. have rapidly grown due to supportive policies, showcasing the impact of "patient capital" in the early stages of innovation [2][3]. Financial Support Mechanisms - Initiatives like the "Technology Star Loan" in Anhui have provided critical funding to early-stage companies, allowing them to secure financing based on R&D expenses rather than traditional collateral [3][4]. - The implementation of various financial products and services aims to address the challenges faced by small and medium-sized technology enterprises in accessing financial support [4][5]. Challenges and Solutions - Despite the rich array of policies, many small technology companies still struggle to obtain necessary financial support, particularly in converting intellectual property into effective collateral [4][5]. - The new policy measures are designed to tackle structural contradictions in technology finance, focusing on enhancing the financial ecosystem to better support technology enterprises throughout their lifecycle [5][6]. Future Directions - The policies emphasize the need for coordinated efforts among financial, tax, technology, and industrial policies to create a comprehensive support system for innovation [6][7]. - Recommendations include establishing regulatory sandboxes in key regions and creating a national-level technology finance data platform to monitor the effectiveness of policy tools [7].

Core Insights - The research reveals critical evidence for the evolution of dinosaurs into birds through the study of a well-preserved Archaeopteryx specimen, known as the Chicago Archaeopteryx, utilizing high-precision CT scanning technology [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - The Chicago Archaeopteryx specimen is the 14th known specimen and the smallest, comparable in size to a pigeon, providing unique insights into the morphology and ecological adaptations of early birds [1] - The skull of the specimen is nearly complete, with well-preserved palatal structures, indicating a transitional phase in the evolution of skulls from dinosaurs to birds [2] - The presence of soft tissue traces, particularly the toe pad morphology resembling that of modern terrestrial birds, suggests that the Archaeopteryx had enhanced ground locomotion capabilities [2] Group 2: Evolutionary Significance - The specimen is the first to exhibit tertiary flight feathers, which are believed to improve aerodynamic efficiency during flight, indicating a new evolutionary adaptation for active flight [2] - The findings contribute to understanding the functional aspects of fossilized bird skulls and the evolutionary transition from non-avian dinosaurs to birds [2]

发布会上，中国电子学会副理事长兼秘书长、总部党委书记陈英介绍，从2015年首届世界机器人大会举 办，到今年已是第十届。10年来，支持大会的国际机构从首届的12家增加到26家，参会国际嘉宾由10余 位增加到74位，参展企业由首届的不足百家增长到169家，单届现场观众突破20万人次，线上关注达2.5 亿人次，并发起成立了世界机器人合作组织、中国人形机器人百人会。 原标题：2025世界机器人大会将在北京举办 科技日报讯 （记者孙明源 华凌）记者近日从2025世界机器人大会新闻发布会上获悉，2025世界机器人 大会将于8月8日至12日在北京经济技术开发区北人亦创国际会展中心举办。大会包括开幕式、闭幕式、 论坛及相关配套活动等，同期还将举办世界机器人博览会、世界机器人大赛。 世界机器人大赛将举办共融机器人挑战赛、BCI脑控机器人大赛、青少年机器人设计大赛，同期举办 2025世界机器人大会脑控机器人赛会纪录挑战活动，发布2025世界机器人大赛十大竞赛创新成果，启动 世界机器人大赛裁判员培训认证工作。同时，配套活动将更加注重精准对接服务产业，策划面向国际合 作、场景应用、政企、产需、产教、投融资上市与金融服务、人才服务等方 ...

Group 1 - The 2025 World Digital Education Conference was held in Wuhan, China, focusing on the theme "Education Development and Transformation: Intelligent Era" with global participation from education leaders and technology representatives [1] - The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) is seen as both a challenge and an opportunity for global education reform, emphasizing the need for deep integration of AI in education [2] - The importance of building a high-quality teaching workforce and enhancing teachers' research capabilities is highlighted as essential for digital education [2] Group 2 - The integration of AI with STEM education is recognized as a global trend, shifting the focus from knowledge-based education to capability-based education [3] - The Chinese Ministry of Education emphasizes the need for a collective response to the question of "What is education in the intelligent era?" and aims to establish new standards for educational development through digital education [4] - International collaboration is encouraged to share experiences and innovations in integrating technology into education, particularly in the context of AI and STEM [3]

Group 1 - The core achievement is the successful establishment of the first domestic 400G wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system for ultra-long-distance transmission in the power sector, achieving stable operation over a distance of 355 kilometers [1][2] - This development marks a significant step towards the evolution of power communication networks into ultra-large capacity, ultra-high speed, and ultra-long distance integration [1] - The project involved collaboration among several entities, including State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Company, State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute, and China Electric Power Research Institute [1] Group 2 - The successful implementation of the 400G optical transmission link is expected to significantly enhance the transmission performance and business capacity of the power communication backbone network [2] - The project team overcame key technical challenges related to ultra-long distance and large capacity transmission through innovative technology paths, including the construction of a high-order Raman large-capacity ultra-long-distance optical transmission system model [1] - The new generation of ultra-large capacity optical networks is deemed essential for supporting the construction of modern energy systems and new power systems [1]

Core Insights - A team from the Netherlands Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics has developed a soft robot that operates without AI chips, electronic components, or sensors, relying solely on air and physical principles for movement [1][2] - The robot exhibits remarkable coordination and autonomy, moving in a rhythmic manner similar to inflatable tube dancers found at gas stations or supermarkets [1] - This robot can move at a speed equivalent to 30 times its own length per second, significantly faster than other pneumatic robots that require centralized control [1] Applications and Implications - The research challenges the traditional notion that complex control systems are necessary for lifelike robotic behavior, suggesting broad application prospects in fields such as smart pills and space technology [2] - Potential applications include swallowable micro-robots that can autonomously reach target tissues in the body to release drugs, and wearable exoskeletons that can synchronize with human walking patterns without processors [2] - In extreme environments like space, these robots can operate reliably without the risk of electronic component failure, opening new avenues for mechanical systems to exhibit intelligent behavior without actual computers [3]