Core Viewpoint - Researchers have developed a new method for producing hydrogen peroxide using lignin, a waste product from the paper-making process, which is safer and more environmentally friendly compared to traditional methods [1][6]. Group 1: Production Method - The new method utilizes lignin as a raw material and employs an electrochemical coupling process that oxidizes lignin using oxygen from the air to continuously generate hydrogen peroxide [1][2]. - The innovative aspect of this method is the creation of a new type of catalyst from lignin, which significantly enhances the electrolysis efficiency [2][4]. - The production rate of hydrogen peroxide using this new method can reach 11,812 millimoles per gram per hour, with a Faradaic efficiency of 95.7%, meaning 1 gram of catalyst can produce 400 grams of hydrogen peroxide in one hour [4]. Group 2: Energy Source - The system is powered by a biomass fuel cell developed by the research team, which uses lignin as fuel, eliminating the need for external power sources [5][6]. - This self-sustaining system allows for the production of hydrogen peroxide without the need for high temperatures or pressures, making it safer and more efficient [6]. Group 3: Environmental Impact - The new method is more energy-efficient and reduces carbon emissions compared to the traditional anthraquinone process, which requires high energy input and poses safety risks [6]. - The ability to produce hydrogen peroxide on-site eliminates transportation costs and safety hazards associated with moving the chemical [6]. Group 4: Future Directions - The research team aims to optimize the design and operation of the production system, focusing on portable devices for decentralized hydrogen peroxide production [6][7]. - There is also a focus on improving the efficiency and stability of biomass fuel cells, with the goal of converting lignin and other biomass into valuable energy and chemical resources [7].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the introduction of a new policy initiative aimed at accelerating the construction of a technology finance system to support high-level technological self-reliance and innovation in China [1][2][3] - The policy initiative includes 15 measures across 7 areas, focusing on venture capital, bank credit, capital markets, technology insurance, fiscal policies, central-local collaboration, and creating an open innovation ecosystem for technology finance [1][2] - A notable measure is the establishment of a "National Venture Capital Guidance Fund" to promote the growth of technology-based enterprises and support the development of strategic emerging industries [1][2] Group 2 - The initiative emphasizes the importance of bank credit in supporting technological innovation, encouraging financial institutions to increase support for major national technology tasks and technology-based SMEs [2][3] - It proposes a special mechanism for bank credit support for technology innovation, including the establishment of identification standards for technology-based enterprises and a recommendation mechanism to facilitate effective support from financial institutions [2] - The policy also highlights the role of capital markets in supporting technology innovation, advocating for a counter-cyclical adjustment mechanism for new stock issuances and prioritizing financing for technology-based enterprises that achieve core technological breakthroughs [2][3] Group 3 - The initiative outlines the role of technology insurance as a stabilizing factor in supporting innovation, proposing the development of a comprehensive insurance product and service system covering the entire lifecycle of technology-based enterprises [2][3] - It encourages the participation of insurance funds in implementing major national technology tasks and explores risk-sharing pilot projects in key technology areas [2][3] - The policy aims to leverage fiscal policies to mobilize more financial resources for technology innovation, utilizing existing loan interest subsidies, insurance subsidies, and risk compensation policies [3] Group 4 - The initiative promotes central-local collaboration in advancing national technology finance efforts, including the establishment of innovation point systems and the implementation of special guarantee plans linked to technology innovation [3] - It supports foreign investment in domestic technology-based enterprises and the lawful overseas listing of technology-based companies [3] - A coordinated mechanism among the People's Bank of China, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and other regulatory bodies will be established to enhance policy coordination and information sharing in technology finance [3]

"十四五"以来，我国大气污染防治形势发生深刻变化，移动源的影响日益凸显。为此，我国持续推 进交通运输结构调整，构建了以电气化铁路、清洁船舶为主的中长途客货运体系，以低排放车、新能源 车为主的短途客货运体系，成为改善大气环境质量的重要举措。 近日，各地对移动源的污染整治持续进行。宁夏生态环境厅成立移动源污染专项执法检查组，采取"不 打招呼、直奔现场"的方式，对重点企业运输及专项作业车辆、道路行驶车辆等开展尾气排放达标情况 查验和抽测。湖南长沙开展非道路移动机械现场执法检查，检查挖掘机、推土机等非道路移动机械尾气 排放是否达标。 今年3月生态环境部发布的《中国移动源环境管理年报（2024年）》（以下简称《年报》）显示，移动 源已经成为大气污染物排放的重要来源。生态环境部大气环境司司长李天威说，"十四五"以来，我国大 气污染防治形势发生了深刻变化，移动源的影响日益凸显。国内外经验也证明，在当下和今后一个时期 的环境治理中，抓住移动源这个"牛鼻子"十分迫切，也非常必要。 污染物排放总量同比下降 移动源是移动式空气污染源的简称，泛指位置可以移动的污染源。 李天威说，在北京、上海、济南、杭州、广州、深圳、成都等人口密集城 ...

Group 1 - The event focused on the application of AI technology in construction sites, attracting significant attention from construction workers [1] - AI technology is being utilized in various scenarios such as safety construction and quality control, including the use of intelligent inspection robots to monitor hazardous areas [1] - The project team has created a smart exhibition hall and a worker service station to enhance workers' understanding and application of intelligent technology [1] Group 2 - The Nanjing Road No. 1 project is a key project in Qingdao, integrating new technologies and processes to deepen the fusion of traditional construction and intelligent technology [2] - The application of the AI video hazard source identification system enables real-time monitoring and early warning of fire hazards and personnel safety, providing strong support for site safety management [2]

科技日报北京5月14日电 （记者马爱平）记者14日从农业农村部环境保护科研监测所获悉，该所产地环 境监测与预警创新团队日前在国际期刊《危险材料杂志》上发表了一项重要成果，首次构建了基于机器 学习的生物炭修复农田土壤镉污染效果智能预测模型。该技术通过深入量化生物炭结构性质、土壤理化 性质与修复效果之间的复杂关联，成功实现了修复材料的精准匹配与方案优化。 "镉作为一种常见的农田土壤重金属污染物，容易通过作物富集进入食物链，从而对人类健康构成严重 威胁。生物炭因其独特的多孔结构、高稳定性及强吸附能力，被广泛用于重金属污染土壤的钝化修 复。"论文通讯作者、团队首席科学家安毅告诉科技日报记者，传统修复材料生物炭筛选主要依赖田间 试验或实验室培养的"试错法"，存在周期长、成本高、地域适配性差、机制认知模糊等痛点。 针对这些痛点，研究团队以生物炭修复农田土壤镉污染为基础，检索过去二十年中发表的同行评议文献 近1700篇，系统分析了234组试验数据，最终建立了生物炭修复土壤镉污染的案例库。 原标题：智能模型精准预测生物炭修复农田土壤镉污染效果 论文第一作者、团队副研究员杜兆林介绍，研究突破性地将机器学习算法引入修复材料设计领 ...

Core Insights - A new study from Radboud University reveals that the last batch of stars in the universe will completely "fade away" in 1,078 years, significantly shorter than the previous estimate of 101,100 years [1][2] - The research is based on Hawking radiation, a revolutionary theory proposed by Stephen Hawking in the 1970s, which suggests that black holes emit radiation and are not just "consuming" entities [1] - The study has been published in the latest issue of the journal "Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics" [1] Summary by Categories Research Findings - The study indicates that white dwarfs will evaporate in 1,078 years when considering Hawking-like radiation effects, a drastic reduction from the earlier estimate of 101,100 years [1] - Neutron stars and stellar black holes have the same evaporation time of 10^67 years, which was unexpected as black holes are generally thought to evaporate faster due to their stronger gravity [2] - The research team explains that black holes have no surface, allowing some radiation to be reabsorbed, which slows down the Hawking radiation process, while neutron stars have a solid surface that allows radiation to escape more efficiently [2] Additional Calculations - The team calculated the evaporation timelines for various cosmic bodies: the Moon will take approximately 3×10^89 years, supermassive black holes will take 10^96 years, interstellar clouds will take 10^127 years, and dark matter halos of superclusters will take 10^135 years [2]

Core Viewpoint - The recent popularity of "big street lamps" among parents is driven by claims of eye protection and myopia prevention, but experts question their effectiveness and emphasize the importance of proper lighting standards [1][2]. Group 1: Product Characteristics - "Big street lamps" are large, portable lighting fixtures typically around 2 meters tall and weighing about 20 kilograms, with prices ranging from several hundred to nearly ten thousand yuan [1]. - These lamps feature a dual light source design, providing direct light to the desk while also illuminating the ceiling, which enhances the overall reading environment [1]. Group 2: Effectiveness in Myopia Prevention - Experts indicate that there is currently no direct clinical evidence supporting the claim that "big street lamps" significantly prevent myopia, and indoor lighting is only a minor factor in myopia prevention [2]. - Some manufacturers claim their products can improve retinal blood circulation and inhibit rapid eye axis growth, but such medical claims are deemed unreliable as lighting products are not classified as medical devices [2]. Group 3: Considerations for Purchase - When purchasing either "big street lamps" or standard reading lamps, parents should ensure the product meets national standards GB/T 9473-2022 for reading lamps [3]. - Key performance parameters to consider include the spectral characteristics of the lamp, with a recommendation for lamps that closely mimic sunlight, achieving a desk illuminance of over 500 lux and a color rendering index above 95 [3].

Group 1 - The "Science and Education to Prosper the Country" strategy has fundamentally changed China's development logic and reshaped its technological landscape over the past 30 years, transitioning from "catching up" to "keeping pace" and finally to "leading" in technology [2][3] - The implementation of this strategy has significantly contributed to China's modernization and economic strength, as evidenced by the growth of internet companies like 360 Group, which have capitalized on national strategies in cybersecurity and artificial intelligence [2][3] - The strategy has also led to a substantial increase in research output and quality in higher education institutions, exemplified by Tsinghua University's rise in global rankings and publication frequency in top journals [3][4] Group 2 - Recent reforms have emphasized the integration of education, technology, and talent development, accelerating the pace of technological reforms and enhancing the strategic importance of the "Science and Education to Prosper the Country" initiative [5][6] - There is a strong call for a focus on original and disruptive technologies, with suggestions to create a more inclusive research ecosystem that encourages exploration and tolerates failure [5][6] - The need for a collaborative approach involving experienced scientists and the establishment of specialized funds to support significant research projects has been highlighted, aiming to leverage the intellectual resources of senior scientists [6]

Core Viewpoint - The development of flotation equipment in China has transitioned from following international trends to leading innovations, with significant contributions from industry leaders like Shen Zhengchang. The focus is now on accelerating the digital and intelligent transformation of flotation equipment through advanced technologies like artificial intelligence [1][6]. Group 1: Flotation Technology Overview - Flotation is a method for separating valuable minerals from ores based on their surface properties, with historical roots in ancient gold and silver processing [2][5]. - The global flotation technology has evolved significantly, with approximately 90% of non-ferrous metals and 50% of ferrous metals processed using flotation methods today [2]. Group 2: Historical Development of Flotation Equipment - China's flotation equipment development began in the mid-20th century, initially imitating Soviet designs before moving to independent research and development in the 1970s [5][6]. - The first large flotation machine with independent intellectual property rights was successfully tested in 2001, marking a shift from following to competing on an equal footing with international standards [5][6]. Group 3: Current Achievements and Innovations - By 2010, China had developed flotation machines of 200 and 320 cubic meters, breaking the monopoly of Western countries on large flotation equipment [6]. - China is now a leader in the development of flotation machines, having created the world's largest flotation machines of 680 and 800 cubic meters, and new devices utilizing fluidization principles for resource efficiency [6][11]. Group 4: Challenges and Future Directions - The increasing demand for mineral resources and the depletion of high-grade ores necessitate continuous innovation in flotation technology to improve efficiency and sustainability [7][11]. - The transition to larger flotation machines involves complex challenges, including maintaining similar fluid dynamics within larger volumes to ensure effective mineral separation [8][11]. Group 5: International Expansion and Recognition - Chinese flotation machines have been exported to numerous countries, overcoming initial skepticism regarding their reliability and performance compared to foreign equipment [9][10]. - The success of these machines in international markets has been bolstered by the demonstration of their efficiency and cost-effectiveness [10]. Group 6: Technological Transformation and Industry Integration - The future of flotation equipment lies in digitalization, information technology, and intelligent systems, with a focus on enhancing operational efficiency and reducing resource consumption [11][12]. - The integration of technological innovation with industry practices is essential for achieving high-quality development in flotation technology [15].

金融资本是支撑高水平科技自立自强的重要力量，发展科技金融是促进科技创新与产业创新深度融合的 必由之路。近年来，我国金融支持科技创新的力度不断加大。数据显示，过去5年，高技术制造业中长 期贷款余额年均保持30%以上的增速；科技型中小企业获贷率从14%提升至47%；科创票据累计发行 8000亿元；超过1700家专精特新企业在A股上市；创业投资基金管理规模达3万亿元。 同时也要看到，我国金融支持科技创新方面还存在一些不足。不少投资机构注重中短期盈利，以"为卖 而买"的心态参与投资，耐心资本不足。我国实体经济的融资方式长期以追求安全性、盈利性的间接融 资为主，与科技型企业的高风险、长期性存在天然矛盾。科技、金融、财政等多部门之间协同作用未能 充分发挥，科技金融政策合力有待进一步加强。 《政策举措》的出台，有助于促进科技金融在支持我国科技创新活动中发挥"顶天立地"的作用。"顶 天"，就是保障国家重大科技任务的实施，加强对国家实验室、科技领军企业等国家战略科技力量的金 融服务。"立地"，就是为广大科技型中小企业纾困解难，引导金融机构进一步加强科技型企业全生命周 期金融服务。 原标题：以高质效金融服务支撑高水平科技自立自强 ...