以牡蛎为代表的增生生物，其壳体像树轮一样，每年形成明暗交替的生长纹。夏季高温时，壳层生长较 快、结构疏松，形成"亮带"；冬季低温时，生长减缓、结构致密，形成"暗带"。"这些生物贝壳就像自 然界的时光记录仪，它们详细记录了地球气候变迁和生态系统演变的历史。研究这些远古贝壳，能帮助 我们为未来生态发展找到科学方向。"论文通讯作者、中国科学院院士、中国科学院青藏高原研究所研 究员丁林说。 原标题：1.4亿年前牡蛎化石揭示远古气候图景 科技日报讯 （记者陆成宽）通过研究1.4亿年前的牡蛎化石，来自中国科学院青藏高原研究所等单位的 科研人员发现，在恐龙横行的白垩纪早期，地球虽然是一个处于高温状态的"温室世界"，但存在显著季 节性温差，甚至会存在和现今地球两极永久性冰川状态完全不同的周期性冰川。相关论文日前在线发表 于《科学进展》。 丁林认为，这项研究如同为古老气候图景打开一扇新窗，打破温室气候单一叙事，不仅刷新了对远古气 候的理解，也为预测未来全球变暖趋势提供了重要参考。 在这项研究中，科研团队通过研究牡蛎化石上的生长纹路，采用精密仪器分析这些"自然温度计"的化学 成分，确认化石保存完好、未受破坏。他们发现，早白垩世， ...

Group 1 - The construction of the second cross-border railway between China and Mongolia, connecting Ganqimaodu to Gashuunsukhait, has officially commenced, marking a significant development in energy cooperation between the two countries [1] - This project is a collaboration between China and Mongolia, with the railway starting from Ganqimaodu port in Inner Mongolia and connecting to Gashuunsukhait station in Mongolia's South Gobi Province [1] - The project consists of two main components: the cross-border railway bridge and the domestic railway station construction at Ganqimaodu, with the Chinese segment being invested and constructed by the National Energy Group, aiming for completion by 2027 [1] Group 2 - The preliminary supporting project, the Ganquan Railway, is already operational, and the new railway will enhance connectivity with Mongolia's southern railways [2] - The completion of this project is expected to expand trade in energy resources between the two countries, promote infrastructure connectivity, and boost cross-border logistics and trade services [2] - This initiative is anticipated to foster a new chapter of integrated development and mutually beneficial trade between China and Mongolia [2]

在这项研究中，科研人员整合了包括上新世中期、末次间冰期等地质时期的气候数据，以及联合国 政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）最新气候预测模型数据。通过对比分析，他们发现，无论是远古 时期由植被覆盖变化、地球轨道变化等引发的暖期，还是当前人类活动导致的温室效应增强，南亚夏季 风均呈现出"降水总量增加，区域分布改变"的共性特征。 通过分析过去300万年间地球不同暖期的气候数据，并结合三种典型的未来增暖情景，来自中国科 学院大气物理研究所的科研人员，成功揭示全球变暖背景下南亚夏季风的演变规律，为预测未来气候变 化提供了重要科学依据。相关研究成果14日发表于《自然》杂志。 南亚夏季风的变化，影响着10多亿人口的水资源供给。在未来增暖情景下，数值模式普遍预估，南 亚季风环流将减弱但降水将增加。"然而，来自古气候的证据却显示，南亚季风环流和降水在过去暖期 均增强。这一差异对我们理解和预测气候变暖背景下季风系统的演变提出了挑战。"论文通讯作者、中 国科学院大气物理研究所研究员周天军说。 周天军表示，这项研究不仅揭示了全球变暖下区域季风的演变规律，更凸显了古气候研究在气候变 化预测中的独特价值。伴随全球变暖持续，极端事件将逐 ...

记者5月13日从南京航空航天大学获悉，该校科研团队联手中外学者创新研发出储能密度较高的新型纳 米复合薄膜储能器件，其储能密度可达215.8焦/立方厘米，刷新介电储能密度国际最高纪录。相关论文 发表于《科学》。 论文第一作者、南京航空航天大学博士后刘亚静介绍，目前广泛应用的储能器件包括锂电池、超级电容 器、介电储能器件等。其中，介电储能器件具有功率密度高、充放电速度快、使用寿命长、高温稳定性 好等优点，适用于可以瞬时释放高电能的使用场景，在起搏器、电动汽车、电网、可再生能源等领域展 现出广阔应用前景。 团队构建的长宽为5毫米、厚度为100纳米的介电储能器件，在7.4兆瓦/厘米的电场下，储能密度可达 215.8焦/立方厘米，刷新了介电储能密度国际最高纪录。同时，该器件具备80.7%的储能效率，在零下 100摄氏度至零上170摄氏度宽温区范围及1010次疲劳循环测试下，仍保持稳定性能。 "此次研究为高性能储能器件开发提供了创新性策略。"刘亚静表示，未来，研究团队将研制尺寸更大的 硅基介电储能器件，为产业应用提供理论支撑。 （文章来源：科技日报） 此次研究中，团队创新性地在宽禁带绝缘介电材料中采用"树枝状纳米极性结构 ...

Core Viewpoint - Cancer remains a significant challenge in modern society, with a new revolutionary technology, targeted protein degradation, offering potential solutions for previously "undruggable" targets [1][2]. Group 1: Targeted Protein Degradation Technology - PROTAC (Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras) is an emerging therapeutic strategy that targets and degrades proteins associated with cancer and other diseases, with approximately 3,000 proteins linked to these conditions, but only about 700 are currently druggable [2][3]. - PROTAC operates by briefly binding to the target protein and directing it to the cell's natural degradation system, allowing for efficient and sustained effects with minimal dosage [2][3]. - The mechanism of PROTAC is described as "capture-release," which allows for the complete elimination of pathogenic proteins, addressing multiple disease-causing pathways [2]. Group 2: Clinical Trials and Developments - Since 2019, at least 30 PROTACs have entered clinical trials, primarily targeting cancer, with three PROTACs currently in Phase III trials for breast cancer, prostate cancer, and leukemia [3][4]. - The first PROTAC to enter Phase III trials is vepdegestrant, developed by Arvinas and Pfizer, which has shown to extend disease-free survival in patients with a specific breast cancer mutation compared to standard anti-estrogen therapies [3]. - Other PROTACs in Phase III trials target the androgen receptor in metastatic prostate cancer and the BTK enzyme in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, addressing issues of drug resistance in advanced cancers [3]. Group 3: Limitations and Future Prospects - Despite the promising potential of PROTACs, they face limitations, such as difficulty in targeting membrane-embedded proteins and the risk of unintended degradation of other proteins [4]. - The first approval of a PROTAC is anticipated to be a significant milestone, likely targeting an already druggable cancer-related protein, while true breakthroughs would involve previously untargeted proteins [4]. - Molecular glue is emerging as another potential protein degradation agent, which operates differently from PROTAC by altering the surface of ubiquitin ligases to facilitate protein degradation without direct binding [5].

Core Viewpoint - Shandong Weiqiao Textile Technology Co., Ltd. has successfully integrated advanced automation and intelligent systems in its production processes, leading to significant competitive advantages in the textile industry [1][3]. Group 1: Company Overview - Weiqiao Textile is a leading player in the textile industry, with its yarn and cotton fabric production capacities ranking first globally [1]. - In the 2024 Fortune Global 500 list, Weiqiao Group achieved a sales revenue of 520.2 billion yuan in 2023, placing it at 175th [1]. - The company reported an 8.2% year-on-year increase in export revenue in the first quarter of this year, despite challenging domestic and international market conditions [1]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The company has developed a full cotton deodorizing composite functional fabric, combining deodorizing and antibacterial properties while maintaining comfort [2]. - Weiqiao Textile has launched dozens of high-tech, high-value-added products annually to meet market demands [2]. - The introduction of the self-developed I3.0 intelligent management system, which utilizes 150,000 sensors for real-time data collection, has transformed traditional production methods [3]. Group 3: Environmental and Production Efficiency - Weiqiao Textile has achieved a breakthrough in dyeing technology that eliminates the need for water in the dyeing process, addressing pollution concerns [4]. - The company emphasizes digital transformation, technological innovation, market diversification, and energy conservation as key strategies to enhance competitiveness [4]. - Continuous investment in intelligent upgrades of key processes aims to improve automation and efficiency in production [4].

Group 1 - Artificial intelligence is recognized as a strategic technology that can lead the current technological revolution and industrial transformation in China [3][4] - The Chinese government has been proactive in integrating artificial intelligence into national development plans since 2015, with significant milestones including its inclusion in the "13th Five-Year Plan" and the "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan" [2][3] - The focus on artificial intelligence has intensified in recent years, with the "14th Five-Year Plan" and 2035 vision emphasizing the cultivation of emerging digital industries, including AI [3] Group 2 - The Chinese government emphasizes the importance of application-oriented development in artificial intelligence, aiming for deep integration of AI technology with industry innovation [5][6] - Successful applications of AI in various sectors, such as healthcare and education, highlight China's advantages in developing AI technologies [5] - The need for foundational breakthroughs in core technologies and theoretical frameworks is acknowledged, with a call for enhancing original capabilities in AI [6][7] Group 3 - The Chinese AI ecosystem is encouraged to develop a comprehensive approach that includes advancements in chips, algorithms, and systems to maximize efficiency [7] - The importance of nurturing talent in AI chip development is stressed, as it is a focal point of international competition [7][8] - International cooperation in AI is seen as essential for bridging development gaps and promoting shared prosperity, with China positioning itself as a contributor to global AI governance [8]

在我国东北地区老爷岭、张广才岭、完达山等虎豹栖息地，姜广顺团队通过自动相机监测和虎豹监 测智慧信息平台，对顶级捕食者的生态功能进行了系统、深入研究。他们发现，顶级捕食者的存在显著 影响着森林哺乳动物群落的组成和相互作用。 团队还发现，顶级捕食者的存在会改变森林中物种相互作用的分布。这种变化并非通过直接捕食实 现，而是源于顶级捕食者引发的间接级联效应。例如，当顶级捕食者密度增加时，面临更大风险的竞争 优势物种会改变其活动规律或活动区域来回避顶级捕食者，从而减少与其他物种的相互作用。 姜广顺解释说，东北虎、豹这种顶级捕食者的存在会让其他动物产生"社交焦虑"。大家往往以为顶 级捕食者是因为其捕食的举动，才对其他动物产生影响。但根据研究结果，顶级捕食者的威慑力也能让 黄鼠狼、黄喉貂、獾等中级捕食者无法"放肆"，让野猪、鹿等大型动物分散活动。而这种威慑力对整个 生态系统来说产生了积极影响，能够让整个生态网络更有秩序。捕食者就像生态圈的"定海神针"，通过 捕食和威慑力调节物种之间的关系，让大家各司其职，避免"一家独大"。 除了揭示顶级捕食者的生态调控作用外，姜广顺团队在哺乳动物群落垂直结构的研究方面也取得重 要进展。 图 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "Dream" deep-sea drilling vessel, developed entirely by China, is recognized as the most advanced of its kind globally, capable of executing deep-sea energy resource exploration tasks and has garnered significant public attention since its launch [1][4]. Group 1: Vessel Design and Capabilities - The "Dream" vessel consists of three main systems: the ship platform system, drilling system, and onboard laboratory system, which have been validated through sea trials [4]. - It features the world's largest and most comprehensive onboard laboratory, exceeding 3,000 square meters, capable of real-time analysis of deep-sea core samples [5]. - The vessel has a displacement of 33,000 tons and a maximum drilling depth of 11,000 meters, integrating four unique drilling operation modes, enhancing operational efficiency by over 40% [6][10]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The vessel employs a hydraulic lifting drilling system with a hook load of 907 tons, enabling safe operation of 11,000-meter-long drill pipes [6]. - It incorporates a modular drilling material storage system, allowing for automated handling of drill pipes, significantly reducing operational downtime [10]. - The design allows the vessel to withstand extreme weather conditions, including typhoons of up to level 16, through advanced stability and structural safety measures [11]. Group 3: Independent Development and Team Dynamics - The "Dream" vessel is a product of fully independent research and development, marking a significant shift from reliance on foreign designs to complete domestic design capabilities [12]. - The development team, with an average age of 31, has been pivotal in addressing key technical challenges, showcasing the importance of young talent in innovation [14]. - The project emphasizes a collaborative approach, involving over 150 domestic units to overcome complex technical hurdles [12][15]. Group 4: Future Implications and Goals - The vessel aims to achieve the scientific goal of drilling through the Mohorovičić discontinuity, a significant boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle, which has never been directly accessed [6]. - The design philosophy of "small tonnage, multifunctional, modular" aims to balance cost efficiency with operational versatility, enabling various deep-sea exploration tasks [9][18]. - The success of the "Dream" vessel is seen as a culmination of sustained investment and strategic planning in China's maritime and ocean engineering sectors [18].

原标题：研究表明全球变暖将加剧雪旱风险 科技日报讯 （记者梁乐）记者5月12日从中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所（以下简称"新疆生地所"） 获悉，该所李稚研究员团队的一项最新研究表明，在全球变暖的气候背景下，未来全球雪旱发生频率将 成倍增加，其中暖雪旱将成为主导类型。相关研究成果近期发表于国际期刊《地球物理研究通讯》。 据了解，雪旱通常指雪水当量异常偏低的现象。作为一种独特的干旱形式，雪旱主要发生在冬季降雪显 著减少或积雪迅速融化的地区，对依赖季节性积雪融水供给地区的农业用水会产生直接影响。 当前，全球变暖正在改变气候模式，与积雪有关的极端事件正在增加，这可能引发更加频繁的雪旱事 件。由于不同类型雪旱对生态系统的影响各不相同，其主导区域及未来演变模式尚不明确。 针对这一科学问题，李稚研究员团队基于ERA5-Land再分析数据和CMIP6多模型数据，对未来不同情景 下的雪旱变化进行了分析。研究结果显示，在温室气体中、高强度排放的情景下，到2100年，全球雪旱 频率将分别为1981年的3倍和4倍，暖雪旱将成为主要类型，预计2050年占比达65%。 值得注意的是，在温室气体高强度排放的情景下，发生干暖复合雪旱的风险呈 ...