寒武纪和海光信息的更新 20250116 摘要 • 英伟达因政策不确定性计提 55 亿美元费用，涉及约 55 万张 H20 芯片卡， 预计 2025 年上半年向中国交付 80 多万张，全年预计 120 万张。这或将 促使客户转向国产 AI 芯片，推动其量价齐升。 • 寒武纪和海光信息等国产 AI 芯片厂商在 2025 年初表现出增长确定性，寒 武纪计划在第三季度小批量供货公共安全领域专用推理芯片，海光信息也 有望推出新款高算力推理产品。 • 国内算力市场分层明显，国产卡种类日益丰富，能更精准匹配客户需求。 国产卡海外及国内供给能力超预期，寒武纪二季度预计出货量环比大幅提 升，既受益于需求，也得益于供给。 • 国产厂商目前主要绑定单一大客户，对需求端不利。寒武纪需拓展新客户， 预计 2025 年在运营商等新客户中实现增量，外部租赁 S 业务采购量下半 年或进一步提升。 • 大客户优先选择文字类模型，因早期推理卡显存带宽较低，更适合文字模 型推理。随着多模态模型发展，对图片和视频理解推理需求上升，国产卡 优势将更明显。 Q&A 英伟达最新的 H20 芯片许可政策对市场有何影响？ 英伟达在提交给公开文件中提到，美国 ...

Q&A 在当前中美贸易摩擦背景下，中国自主可控趋势如何影响国产算力产业链的发 展？ 中美贸易摩擦加剧使得中国自主可控的趋势愈发明显，特别是在高端处理器领 域。美国对中国加征关税，中国也采取了相应的反制措施，这种情况下，国产 算力产业链的重要性显著提升。以海光信息为例，其在 AI 算力和 CPU 领域都 有显著进展。海光信息的深算三号 GPU 系列等 AI 芯片产品需求增长明显，同 时其 CPU 产品凭借 x86 架构的兼容性，在市场份额和短期 EPS 方面表现出色。 在进口英特尔和 AMD CPU 受限后，国内市场空缺将由海光等国产 CPU 填补。 • 中美贸易摩擦加剧，国内自主可控成为趋势。相关政策推动产业向自主可 控领域发力，从信息安全扩展到高精尖技术和供应链安全，海光信息作为 国产高端处理器企业将受益。 • 海光信息 CPU 采用 x86 指令集架构，在国产生态适配 AMD 和英特尔 CPU 方面具备明显优势。截至 2024 年，公司拥有超过 5,000 家合作伙伴， 实现 8,000 多个软硬件优化协同技术发展，有望受益于云端或公有云调用 扩容期。 • DEXCO 公司的 AI 芯片化为了海光 8,0 ...

海光信息 20250414 摘要 Q&A 在中美贸易摩擦加剧的背景下，中国自主可控趋势对国产算力产业链有哪些影 响？ 中美贸易摩擦加剧使得中国自主可控趋势更加明确，尤其在高端处理器领域。 美国对中国进口产品加征关税，中国也采取了相应的反制措施，这些都推动了 国产替代的需求增长。例如，美国对进口英特尔和 AMD 系列 CPU 产品加征关税 已达到 125%以上，这将影响这些产品在中国市场的需求，为国产 CPU 如海光和 华为提供了市场空间。海光信息凭借其 x86 架构的良好兼容性，有望在市场份 • 中美贸易摩擦加剧，美国对进口 CPU 加征高额关税，推动国产替代需求增 长，为海光信息等国产 CPU 厂商提供市场机遇，尤其是在 x86 架构兼容性 方面。 • 海光信息在 AI 芯片领域发展迅速，深算三号 GPU 系列需求显著增长，提升 长期市场空间和短期 EPS。其 DCU 架构与英伟达 CUDA 生态兼容，最新一代 AI 芯片性能实现翻倍增长，预计快速实现大规模应用。 • 海光信息作为中科系国资背景的高端处理器龙头，提供 CPU 及芯片产品， 兼具 AMD 技术背景。2024 年营收 91.62 亿元，同比增长 ...

份额方面，信创50ETF近1周份额增长700.00万份，实现显著增长，新增份额位居可比基金1/3。 截至2025年4月9日14:05，中证信息技术应用创新产业指数(931247)强势上涨3.75%，成分股麒麟信安(688152)上涨10.65%，华大九天(301269)上涨9.48%，东 方通(300379)上涨8.06%，赢时胜(300377)，金山办公(688111)等个股跟涨。信创50ETF(560850)盘中涨超4%，现涨3.94%，最新价报1.24元。拉长时间看，截 至2025年4月8日，信创50ETF近3月累计上涨5.96%。 流动性方面，信创50ETF盘中换手7.4%，成交1856.02万元。拉长时间看，截至4月8日，信创50ETF近1年日均成交1572.89万元，排名可比基金第一。 该机构指出，当前信创逻辑逐步扩散，板块涉及标的众多，我们认为应重点把握以下三条推荐主线：一是主流信创生态下的各细分领域龙头标的，因信创产 业为逐级推进，前期党政信创与央国企信创中积累的行业经验与产品迭代有望帮助公司积累护城河；二是自主可控需求紧迫、国内竞争格局相对较优的板 块；三是信创逻辑扩散下华为产业链中重要参与 ...

Group 1 - The Shanghai Super Large Cap Index (000043) opened low and rose, increasing by 0.77% to 2139.89 points, with a trading volume of 39.529 billion [1] - Over the past month, the index has risen by 1.32%, but it has decreased by 1.46% over the past three months and is down 0.55% year-to-date [1] - The index consists of the top 20 listed companies ranked by average total market capitalization and average trading volume over the past year, reflecting the overall performance of these large-cap stocks [1] Group 2 - The index's top ten weightings include: Industrial Bank (5.8%), Zijin Mining (5.73%), China Merchants Bank (5.66%), WuXi AppTec (5.58%), Haiguang Information (5.47%), Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (5.41%), Shanxi Fenjiu (5.31%), Kweichow Moutai (5.19%), Agricultural Bank of China (5.14%), and Yili Group (4.91%) [1] - The Shanghai Stock Exchange accounts for 100% of the index's holdings, with the financial sector making up 31.07%, consumer staples at 15.41%, materials at 10.39%, healthcare at 10.26%, energy at 9.29%, industrials at 8.92%, information technology at 5.47%, utilities at 4.90%, and consumer discretionary at 4.29% [2] - The index samples are adjusted semi-annually, with adjustments occurring on the next trading day after the second Friday of June and December, with a sample adjustment ratio generally not exceeding 10% [2]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy-A" rating for the company [1] Core Views - The company is a leader in domestic CPU and DCU markets, benefiting from significant technological and ecological advantages, particularly through its partnership with AMD [3][4] - The domestic CPU market is projected to reach a scale of hundreds of billions, with substantial room for domestic replacement as the government increases support for domestic innovation [4][30] - The company is expected to see rapid growth in net profit from 2025 to 2027, with projected figures of 2.945 billion, 4.228 billion, and 5.647 billion respectively, reflecting year-on-year growth rates of 52.5%, 43.6%, and 33.6% [6][8] Summary by Sections Company Overview - Established in 2014, the company has developed into a leading player in the CPU and DCU sectors by leveraging AMD's technology and its own R&D capabilities [15][19] - The management team has significant experience from major tech firms, enhancing the company's strategic direction and innovation capabilities [19][21] CPU Market Analysis - The company’s CPU products, based on AMD's Zen1 architecture, have consistently outperformed competitors in terms of performance and ecosystem compatibility, particularly in the x86 architecture [42][44] - The domestic CPU market is estimated to be worth over 100 billion, with a growing trend towards domestic products due to increasing government support for local innovation [4][30] DCU Market Analysis - The company’s DCU products are positioned to benefit from the rising demand for AI computing power, with the upcoming deep computing product expected to significantly enhance performance [5][6] - The DCU architecture is highly compatible with existing CUDA ecosystems, facilitating easier integration with international AI frameworks [5][6] Financial Projections and Valuation - The company’s revenue is projected to grow from 6.012 billion in 2023 to 23.546 billion by 2027, with a compound annual growth rate of 89.1% over the past six years [8][22] - The gross margin is expected to improve steadily, reflecting the benefits of scale and product innovation, with a forecasted gross margin of 64.3% by 2027 [8][24]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy-A" rating for the company [3][6]. Core Insights - The company is a leader in domestic CPU and DCU markets, benefiting from the rapid growth driven by domestic CPU and AI computing demand [3][5]. - The company has established significant technological and ecological advantages through its partnership with AMD, allowing it to produce competitive CPU and DCU products [3][4]. - The domestic CPU market is projected to reach a scale of hundreds of billions, with substantial room for domestic replacement [4][31]. Summary by Sections Company Overview - Founded in 2014, the company gained AMD technology authorization in 2016 to initiate CPU product development, evolving into a leader in the CPU and DCU sectors [15][19]. - The management team has a strong background in major chip manufacturers, enhancing the company's technological capabilities [19][21]. CPU Market Analysis - The domestic CPU market is estimated to be worth over 100 billion, with significant potential for domestic alternatives [4][31]. - The company's CPU products, based on the x86 architecture, have shown superior performance compared to competitors, maintaining a leading position in the domestic market [4][43]. DCU Market Analysis - The company's DCU products are positioned to benefit from the growing demand for AI computing, with expectations of significant performance improvements in upcoming product iterations [5][6]. - The DCU architecture is highly compatible with international AI frameworks, facilitating seamless integration into existing systems [5][6]. Financial Projections - The company is expected to achieve net profits of 2.945 billion, 4.228 billion, and 5.647 billion for the years 2025, 2026, and 2027, respectively, with year-on-year growth rates of 52.5%, 43.6%, and 33.6% [6][8]. - The revenue is projected to grow from 6.012 billion in 2023 to 23.546 billion by 2027, reflecting a compound annual growth rate of 89.1% over the past six years [8][22]. Valuation Analysis - The report provides a detailed valuation analysis, indicating a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) of 111.31 for 2025, decreasing to 58.06 by 2027, suggesting a favorable long-term investment outlook [6][8].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" (maintained) [1] Core Insights - The company's performance for 2024 aligns with market expectations, achieving a revenue of 9.162 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 52.4%, and a net profit of 1.931 billion yuan, also up by 52.87% [6][7] - The demand for the company's CPU products in sectors such as telecommunications and finance is robust, with a broad applicability in the domestic processor market [6] - The company's DCU is well-suited for the AI ecosystem, featuring a comprehensive software stack and compatibility with major domestic internet firms [6] - The gross margin has significantly improved, attributed to strong product competitiveness and pricing advantages, with a gross margin of 63.7% for 2024, up by 4.1 percentage points year-on-year [6] - Inventory levels have increased significantly, reaching 5.425 billion yuan, reflecting confidence in market demand and supply chain stability [6] - The revenue and profit forecasts for 2025 and 2026 have been raised due to accelerated shipments in the financial sector and increased demand for DCUs, with projected revenues of 13.582 billion yuan and 17.530 billion yuan respectively [6] Financial Data and Profit Forecast - Total revenue projections for the company are as follows: - 2023: 6.012 billion yuan - 2024: 9.162 billion yuan - 2025E: 13.582 billion yuan - 2026E: 17.530 billion yuan - 2027E: 21.403 billion yuan - Net profit projections are: - 2023: 1.263 billion yuan - 2024: 1.931 billion yuan - 2025E: 2.942 billion yuan - 2026E: 3.948 billion yuan - 2027E: 4.654 billion yuan - The company's gross margin is expected to stabilize around 60% from 2025 onwards, with a projected PE ratio of 121 for 2025 [4][6][7]

一、持续督导工作概述 中信证券股份有限公司 关于海光信息技术股份有限公司 2024 年度持续督导跟踪报告 中信证券股份有限公司（以下简称"中信证券"或"保荐人"）作为海光信 息技术股份有限公司（以下简称"海光信息"或"公司"或"上市公司"）首次 公开发行股票并在科创板上市的保荐人。根据《证券发行上市保荐业务管理办法》 《上海证券交易所科创板股票上市规则》等相关规定，中信证券履行持续督导职 责，并出具本持续督导 2024 年度跟踪报告。 1、保荐人制定了持续督导工作制度，制定了相应的工作计划，明确了现场 检查的工作要求。 2、保荐人已与公司签订保荐协议，该协议已明确了双方在持续督导期间的 权利义务，并报上海证券交易所备案。 3、本持续督导期间，保荐人通过与公司的日常沟通、现场回访等方式开展 持续督导工作，并于 2025 年 3 月 5 日、3 月 13 日对公司进行了现场检查。 4、本持续督导期间，保荐人根据相关法规和规范性文件的要求履行持续督 导职责，具体内容包括： （1）查阅公司章程、三会议事规则等公司治理制度、三会会议材料； （2）查阅公司财务管理、会计核算和内部审计等内部控制制度，查阅公司 2024 年 ...

（一）保荐人 中信证券股份有限公司 （二）保荐代表人 中信证券股份有限公司 关于海光信息技术股份有限公司 2024 年度持续督导工作现场检查报告 根据《上海证券交易所上市公司自律监管指引第 11 号——持续督导》等有 关法律、法规的规定，中信证券股份有限公司（以下简称"中信证券"或"保荐 人"）作为正在对海光信息技术股份有限公司（以下简称"海光信息""公司""上 市公司"）进行持续督导工作的保荐人，对 2024 年度（以下简称"本持续督导期 间"）的规范运作情况进行了现场检查，现就现场检查的有关情况报告如下： 一、本次现场检查的基本情况 李艳梅、彭捷 （三）现场检查人员 李艳梅、张书语 （四）现场检查时间 2025 年 3 月 5 日、3 月 13 日 （五）现场检查内容 现场检查人员对本持续督导期内发行人公司治理和内部控制情况、信息披露 情况、公司的独立性以及与关联方资金往来情况、募集资金使用情况、关联交易、 对外担保、经营状况等方面进行了现场检查，具体检查内容详见本报告"二、本 次现场检查主要事项及意见"。 （六）现场检查手段 本次现场检查的手段主要包括资料查阅、访谈、现场查看等，具体检查手段 1 详见" ...