Underwriting Earnings - Pre-tax underwriting earnings for GEICO reached $1,928 million in Q1 2024, a significant increase from $703 million in Q1 2023, representing a growth of 174%[4] - Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group reported pre-tax underwriting earnings of $486 million in Q1 2024, up from $268 million in Q1 2023, marking an increase of 81%[4] - Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group's pre-tax underwriting earnings rose to $912 million in Q1 2024, compared to $231 million in Q1 2023, reflecting a growth of 295%[4] - Total pre-tax underwriting earnings for the company amounted to $3,326 million in Q1 2024, compared to $1,202 million in Q1 2023, indicating an increase of 176%[4] Tax Rates and Payments - The effective income tax rate decreased to 21.9% in Q1 2024 from 24.3% in Q1 2023[4] - The consolidated effective income tax rate for the company was 18.3% in Q1 2024, down from 20.1% in Q1 2023[5] - Cash paid for income taxes in Q1 2024 was $339 million, compared to $312 million in Q1 2023[8] Legal and Wildfire Liabilities - As of March 31, 2024, the total amount sought in legal complaints related to the 2020 and 2022 wildfires approximated $7 billion[9] - PacifiCorp recorded cumulative estimated pre-tax probable Wildfire losses of approximately $2.4 billion, with $700 million paid in settlements, leaving an unpaid estimated liability of approximately $1.7 billion as of March 31, 2024[12] - The company reported liabilities assumed in connection with business acquisitions of $6 million in Q1 2024, significantly lower than $10,747 million in Q1 2023[8] Revenue and Earnings - Total revenue for the three months ending March 31, 2024, was $89.869 billion, an increase from $85.393 billion in the same period last year, representing a growth of approximately 5.8%[15] - Total earnings before income taxes for operating businesses in Q1 2024 were $12,486 million, up from $9,540 million in Q1 2023, marking a 30.6% increase[35] - Net earnings for Q1 2024 were reported at $12,832 million, a decrease from $35,757 million in Q1 2023, primarily due to investment losses[46] Investment Performance - Investment income rose to $3,164 million in Q1 2024 from $2,392 million in Q1 2023, reflecting a 32.2% increase[35] - The company reported investment losses of $1,876 million in Q1 2024, a significant decrease from gains of $34,758 million in Q1 2023[46] - The fair value of equity securities as of March 31, 2024, was $335,864 million, with unrealized gains of $232,111 million[67] Shareholder Equity and Stock - The balance of Class A common stock outstanding decreased to 563,143 shares as of March 31, 2024, from 567,775 shares at the end of 2023[24] - The repurchase program allows for share buybacks when the price is below intrinsic value, with no specified maximum number of shares to be repurchased[26] - Net earnings per average equivalent Class A share for Q1 2024 were $8.825, down 63.8% from $24.377 in Q1 2023[82] Insurance Premiums and Loss Ratios - Insurance premiums earned increased to $21.474 billion in Q1 2024, compared to $19.796 billion in Q1 2023, reflecting an 8.5% growth[82] - GEICO's loss ratio improved to 72.5% in Q1 2024, a decrease of 10.5 percentage points from 2023, reflecting lower claims frequencies[139] - Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group's premiums written rose to $4,493 million in Q1 2024, up 8.1% from $4,158 million in Q1 2023[141] Operating Revenues and Expenses - Total costs and expenses for Q1 2024 were $76.532 billion, slightly up from $76.087 billion in Q1 2023[82] - Railroad operating revenues decreased by 4.1% to $5,644 million in Q1 2024 from $5,888 million in Q1 2023, attributed to lower revenue per car/unit despite a volume increase of 6.6%[169] - Operating revenues from consumer products rose to $2.0 billion in Q1 2024, a 5.5% increase from 2023, driven by a 19.3% increase in volumes[169] Acquisitions and Investments - The acquisition of Pilot Travel Centers increased Berkshire's ownership to 100% for $2.6 billion, following a previous acquisition of 41.4% for approximately $8.2 billion[89] - Berkshire Hathaway's investments in Occidental preferred stock had an aggregate liquidation value of approximately $8.5 billion as of March 31, 2024[68] - The company recorded a charge of $127 million to retained earnings due to the adoption of the proportional amortization method for tax equity investments[63]

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Note 12. Equipment held for lease Retroactive reinsurance policies provide indemnification of losses and loss adjustment expenses of short-duration insurance contracts with respect to underlying loss events that occurred prior to the contract inception date, which may include significant levels of asbestos, environmental and other mass tort claims. Retroactive reinsurance contracts are generally subject to aggregate policy limits and thus, our exposure to such clai ...

Retroactive Reinsurance Contracts - Gross unpaid losses for retroactive reinsurance contracts were $34.6 billion, with deferred charges at $9.5 billion as of December 31, 2023[25] - Estimated ultimate liabilities for retroactive reinsurance contracts increased by $1.1 billion in Q4 2023, primarily for asbestos, environmental, and casualty exposures, resulting in a $650 million pre-tax underwriting loss[12] - Amortization expense for deferred charges related to retroactive reinsurance contracts is estimated to be $900 million in 2024[12] Asbestos and Environmental Exposures - Estimated liabilities for asbestos and environmental exposures were approximately $12.2 billion at December 31, 2023[12] Equity Securities and Investments - The fair value of equity securities was $353.8 billion as of December 31, 2023, with a hypothetical 30% increase or decrease resulting in a change of $82.3 billion in net earnings[28] - The fair value of Precision Castparts Corp. (PCC) was approximately $32.6 billion, exceeding its carrying value of $29.7 billion by 10% as of December 31, 2023[27] - The fair value of three reporting units (PTC, Jazwares, and IPS) totaled approximately $21.5 billion, exceeding their carrying values by 1.5% as of December 31, 2023[27] - The company's equity securities portfolio was concentrated in five companies, representing approximately 79% of the total fair value as of December 31, 2023[14] - Investments in equity securities grew from $308.793 billion in 2022 to $353.842 billion in 2023[39] - Equity securities had a fair value of $353.842 billion as of December 31, 2023, with net unrealized gains of $244.426 billion[445] - Approximately 79% of the aggregate fair value of equity securities was concentrated in five companies: American Express, Apple, Bank of America, Coca-Cola, and Chevron[445] - Approximately 75% of the aggregate fair value was concentrated in five companies: American Express Company ($22.4 billion), Apple Inc. ($119.0 billion), Bank of America Corporation ($34.2 billion), The Coca-Cola Company ($25.4 billion), and Chevron Corporation ($30.0 billion)[454] - The company's investment gains (losses) on equity securities were $71.842 billion in 2023, compared to a loss of $67.047 billion in 2022[466] - Proceeds from sales of equity securities were approximately $40.6 billion in 2023, $33.7 billion in 2022, and $15.8 billion in 2021[466] Financial Performance - Net earnings for 2023 were $97.147 billion, compared to a net loss of $21.998 billion in 2022 and net earnings of $90.949 billion in 2021[42] - Comprehensive income for 2023 was $98.465 billion, compared to a comprehensive loss of $18.988 billion in 2022 and comprehensive income of $92.838 billion in 2021[42] - Total revenues for 2023 increased to $364.482 billion, up from $302.020 billion in 2022 and $276.185 billion in 2021[48] - Net earnings attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders in 2023 were $96.223 billion, a significant improvement from a loss of $22.759 billion in 2022 and up from $89.937 billion in 2021[48] - Investment and derivative contract gains in 2023 were $74.855 billion, compared to a loss of $67.899 billion in 2022 and gains of $78.542 billion in 2021[48] - Net earnings attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders surged to $96.223 billion in 2023, a substantial recovery from a loss of $22.759 billion in 2022[381] - Comprehensive income attributable to shareholders reached $97.512 billion in 2023, compared to a loss of $19.688 billion in 2022[381] Cash and Cash Equivalents - Cash and cash equivalents increased from $32.260 billion in 2022 to $33.672 billion in 2023[39] - The company's cash and cash equivalents include short-term investments in U.S. Treasury Bills with maturities exceeding three months and less than one year[52] - Cash and cash equivalents increased to $5.566 billion in December 2023 from $2.777 billion in December 2022, reflecting a significant liquidity improvement[381] Assets and Liabilities - Total assets increased from $948.465 billion in 2022 to $1.069.978 trillion in 2023[39] - Retained earnings rose from $511.127 billion in 2022 to $607.350 billion in 2023[47] - Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses increased from $107.472 billion in 2022 to $111.082 billion in 2023[47] - Consolidated claim liabilities as of December 31, 2023 were approximately $146 billion, with 76% related to GEICO and the Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group[58] - Periodic payment annuities liabilities increased to $11,212 million in 2023 from $10,640 million in 2022[333] - Life and health liabilities decreased to $5,749 million in 2023 from $5,879 million in 2022[333] - The funded status at December 31, 2023 reflected in assets was $1,823 million and in liabilities was $1,211 million, compared to $1,510 million in assets and $1,656 million in liabilities at December 31, 2022[345] - The accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) was $12.3 billion at December 31, 2023, up from $12.2 billion at December 31, 2022[345] - Goodwill at year-end 2023 was $84,626 million, compared to $78,119 million in 2022 and $73,875 million in 2021[358] - The company's identifiable assets at year-end 2023 were $1,069,978 million, up from $948,465 million in 2022 and $959,388 million in 2021[358] - Assets acquired totaled $28.52 billion, with liabilities assumed at $14.155 billion, resulting in net assets of $14.365 billion[440] - Alleghany assets acquired amounted to $35.59 billion, with liabilities assumed at $24.085 billion, leading to net assets of $11.505 billion[440] Insurance Premiums and Revenues - Insurance premiums earned in 2023 were $83.403 billion, compared to $74.576 billion in 2022 and $69.460 billion in 2021[48] - Sales and service revenues in 2023 were $155.687 billion, slightly down from $157.518 billion in 2022 but up from $145.043 billion in 2021[48] - Freight rail transportation revenues in 2023 were $23.791 billion, down from $25.802 billion in 2022 but up from $23.177 billion in 2021[48] - Utility and energy operating revenues in 2023 surged to $72.693 billion, compared to $21.023 billion in 2022 and $18.891 billion in 2021[48] - Premiums Written for Property/Casualty in 2023 reached $61,990 million, a 9.3% increase from $56,700 million in 2022[359] - Assumed premiums for Property/Casualty in 2023 were $20,751 million, up 37% from $15,143 million in 2022[359] - Total premiums earned for Property/Casualty in 2023 were $78,331 million, a 13.9% increase from $68,770 million in 2022[359] - United States premiums for Property/Casualty in 2023 were $67,831 million, a 13.7% increase from $59,648 million in 2022[359] - Asia Pacific premiums for Property/Casualty in 2023 were $5,306 million, a 12.9% increase from $4,699 million in 2022[359] - Consolidated sales, service and leasing revenues were $164.1 billion in 2023, $165.0 billion in 2022, and $151.0 billion in 2021[373] - Sales, service and leasing revenues attributable to the United States were 85% in 2023, 86% in 2022, and 85% in 2021[373] - Railroad, utilities, and energy revenues were $101.4 billion in 2023, $52.1 billion in 2022, and $48.2 billion in 2021[373] - Railroad, utilities, and energy revenues attributable to the United States were 94% in 2023 and 96% in both 2022 and 2021[373] Debt and Financing - Berkshire repaid approximately $4.3 billion of maturing senior notes and issued ¥286.4 billion (approximately $2.05 billion) of senior notes in 2023[336] - BHE subsidiaries issued $4.2 billion of term debt in 2023 with a weighted average interest rate of 5.7% and maturity dates ranging from 2033 to 2055[337] - BHE subsidiaries issued $5.1 billion of term debt in 2024 with a weighted average interest rate of 5.4% and maturity dates ranging from 2029 to 2055[337] - Unused lines of credit and commercial paper capacity were approximately $9.4 billion at December 31, 2023, with $6.0 billion related to BHE and its subsidiaries[337] - Parent Company debt maturities over the next five years are as follows: 2024—$1.9 billion; 2025—$2.0 billion; 2026—$4.4 billion; 2027—$2.0 billion; and 2028—$1.4 billion[383] Taxes and Regulatory Changes - Net unrecognized tax benefits were $480 million at December 31, 2023, compared to $440 million at December 31, 2022[340] - The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 introduced a 15% corporate alternative minimum income tax effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2022[340] - The Pillar Two model rules introduce a new global minimum tax of 15% intended to be effective on January 1, 2024[340] - Income taxes paid increased to $5.630 billion in 2023 from $2.259 billion in 2022[383] Wildfire Losses and Legal Cases - PacifiCorp recorded estimated pre-tax probable Wildfire losses of $1.9 billion in 2023, up from $225 million in 2022[363] - Net Wildfire losses after expected insurance recoveries were $1.7 billion in 2023, compared to $64 million in 2022[363] - PacifiCorp paid $631 million in settlements in 2023 related to the 2020 Wildfires, up from $53 million in 2022[363] - Cumulative charges for estimated probable Wildfire losses through December 31, 2023, were $2.4 billion before expected insurance recoveries[363] - Plaintiffs in the James case seek damages approximating $8 billion, excluding potential doubling or trebling of damages[365] - HomeServices of America, Inc. faces potential damages of up to $5.4 billion in the Burnett antitrust case, excluding attorneys' fees and prejudgment interest[375] - The jury in the Burnett case awarded $1.8 billion in damages, which could be trebled under federal law[375] - HomeServices of America, Inc. is defending against eleven antitrust cases, with potential losses from the other ten cases currently unquantifiable[375] Acquisitions and Investments - The company acquired all outstanding common stock of Alleghany Corporation for $11.5 billion in October 2022[383] - The company acquired an additional 41.4% interest in Pilot Travel Centers, LLC (PTC) for approximately $8.2 billion, increasing its interest to 80%[439] - PTC's revenues and net earnings attributable to Berkshire shareholders for the eleven months ending December 31, 2023 were $51.7 billion and $603 million, respectively[439] - The company recognized a one-time, non-cash remeasurement gain of approximately $3.0 billion from the fair value adjustment of its previously held 38.6% investment in PTC[439] - The company acquired Pilot Corporation's noncontrolling interest in PTC for $2.6 billion, increasing its interest in PTC to 100%[439] - Goodwill from the PTC acquisition is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes[439] - Berkshire Hathaway Energy subsidiary acquired an additional 50% interest in Cove Point LNG for $3.3 billion, increasing economic interest from 25% to 75%[442] - The company invested $10 billion in non-voting Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of Occidental Petroleum Corporation in 2019, with an aggregate liquidation value of approximately $8.5 billion as of December 31, 2023[454] - Occidental issued mandatory redemption notifications for approximately $1.5 billion of the aggregate liquidation value at a price of 110% of the liquidation value, plus accrued and unpaid dividends in 2023[454] - The company owned 151.6 million shares of American Express Company common stock, representing 21% of the outstanding common stock as of December 31, 2023[454] - The company owned 26.7% of Kraft Heinz outstanding common stock and 27.8% of Occidental common stock as of December 31, 2023[455] - Kraft Heinz reported net earnings attributable to common shareholders of $2.855 billion in 2023, up from $2.363 billion in 2022[465] - Occidental reported net earnings attributable to common shareholders of $4.471 billion for the twelve months ending September 30, 2023[466] Loans and Receivables - Loans and finance receivables before allowances and discounts were $26.289 billion as of December 31, 2023, with an allowance for credit losses of $950 million[469] - Performing loans increased to $5,716 million in 2023 from $4,368 million in 2022, a growth of 30.8%[471] - Non-performing loans decreased to 8 in 2023 from 11 in 2022, a reduction of 27.3%[471] - Commercial loan balances declined to $850 million in 2023 from $1.9 billion in 2022, a decrease of 55.3%[471] - Insurance premiums receivable increased to $19,052 million in 2023 from $18,395 million in 2022, a growth of 3.6%[472] - Trade receivables for railroad, utilities, and energy businesses rose to $6,034 million in 2023 from $4,182 million in 2022, an increase of 44.3%[472] - Aggregate provisions for credit losses were $513 million in 2023, up from $409 million in 2022, a rise of 25.4%[472] Inventory and Equipment - Raw materials inventory decreased to $6,026 million in 2023 from $6,381 million in 2022, a decline of 5.6%[473] - Railcars equipment held for lease increased to $10,031 million in 2023 from $9,612 million in 2022, a growth of 4.4%[475] - Customer relationships net carrying value for insurance and other businesses decreased to $20,404 million in 2023 from $20,591 million in 2022, a slight decline of 0.9%[476] - Trademarks and trade names net carrying value for railroad, utilities, and energy businesses surged to $3,494 million in 2023 from $178 million in 2022, a massive increase of 1863.5%[476] Other Comprehensive Income and Expenses - Foreign currency translation included in other comprehensive income was $749 million for 2023, compared to a loss of $2.05 billion in 2022[17] - Foreign currency translation gains were $782 million in 2023, compared to losses of $2.138 billion in 2022[42] - Long-duration insurance contract discount rate changes resulted in a loss of $237 million in 2023, compared to a gain of $7.177 billion in 2022[42] - Defined benefit pension plans contributed $578 million to other comprehensive income in 2023, compared to a loss of $253 million in 2022[42] - The company's defined contribution plan expense was approximately $1.1 billion in 2023, compared to $0.8 billion in 2022 and $1.0 billion in 2021[357] - The company's capital expenditures were $19,409 million in 2023, up from $15,464 million in 2022 and $13,276 million in 2021[358] Regulatory and Accounting Policies - Investments in fixed maturity securities are classified as available-for-sale and carried at fair value, with changes in fair value reported in earnings[53] - The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2023, was $625.5 billion[55] - The company's disclosure controls and procedures were deemed effective as of December 31, 2023[377] - Net cash flows from operating activities were $7.611 billion in 2023, slightly lower than $8.462 billion in 2022[383] - Income tax expense (benefit) for the three years ending December 31, 2023, with amounts in millions[408] - Non-performing loans are identified when the foreclosure process starts, with interest income recognition paused until foreclosure is cured or the loan is modified[410] - Property, plant, and equipment impairment evaluation based on estimated undiscounted cash flows and residual value, with impairment losses recorded if carrying value exceeds recoverable amounts[412] - Goodwill impairment evaluation at least annually, with impairment losses recorded if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value[413] - Regulatory assets and liabilities amortization into operating expenses and revenues over future periods, with assessments for probable future inclusion in regulatory rates[423] - Life, annuity, and health insurance benefits balance increased from $21,616 million at December 31, 2020, to $28,836 million

FORM 8-K DELAWARE 47-0813844 (STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION (I.R.S. EMPLOYER OF INCORPORATION) IDENTIFICATION NO.) Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below): ☐ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) ☐ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) ☐ Pre-commenc ...

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q (Mark One) ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number 001-14905 BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 47-0813844 (State or other jur ...

| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |-------|----------------|-------|-------|----------------|-------|-----------|-------|-------|------------------------|---------------|------------------|-------|---------|--------------------------|------------|--------------------| | | | | | | | | $ | | Second 2023 \n33,061 | Quarter \n $ | 2022 \n(66,854 | ) $ | 2023 \n | First Six \n67,819 | Months \n$ | 2022 \n(68,589 ) | | | (losses) | | | | | | | ...

| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |---------------------------------------------------------|-------|--------------------------------|-------|---------------------| | | | March 31, 2023 \n(Unaudited) | | December 31, 2022 | | ASSETS | | | | | | Insurance and Other: | | | | | | Cash and cash equivalents* | $ | 23,805 | $ | 32,260 | | Short-term investments in U.S. Treasury Bills | | 103,869 | | 92,774 | | Investments in fixed maturity securities | | 22,566 | | 25,128 | | Investments in equity securities | | 32 ...

Earnings Performance - After-tax earnings of BNSF railroad were relatively unchanged in 2022 compared to 2021, with a 16.1% increase in 2021 versus 2020 [158]. - After-tax earnings from utilities and energy business increased by 9.3% in 2022 compared to 2021, and 13.7% in 2021 versus 2020 [158]. - Earnings from manufacturing, service, and retailing businesses rose by 12.5% in 2022 compared to 2021, and 34.0% in 2021 versus 2020 [158]. - Net earnings attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders for 2022 were a loss of $24.107 billion, compared to a profit of $90.728 billion in 2021 [579]. - The company incurred losses of $56.791 billion in 2022, compared to $48.983 billion in 2021, reflecting an increase of approximately 16% [619]. Insurance Operations - Unpaid loss estimates for insurance liabilities were approximately $143 billion as of December 31, 2022, up from $125 billion in 2021 [159]. - Pre-tax underwriting earnings for insurance operations were $393 million in 2022, down from $607 million in 2021 [165]. - Losses and loss adjustment expenses for insurance were $9.889 billion in 2022, representing 71.9% of premiums earned [165]. - The net unpaid losses and ALAE for accident years from 2013 to 2022 total $16,082 million [679]. - The incurred losses for private passenger auto insurance increased significantly in 2022 due to higher claims frequencies and severities [670]. Revenue Growth - Total revenues for 2022 were $311.184 billion, an increase from $287.450 billion in 2021, representing an increase of 8.0% [579]. - Total revenues for 2022 reached $302,089 million, up from $276,203 million in 2021, representing a growth of approximately 9.4% [665]. - Railroad, utilities, and energy revenue increased to $6,181 million in 2022 from $5,990 million in 2021, a growth of 3.2% [633]. - The company’s total manufactured products revenue for 2022 was $207,771 million, compared to $191,252 million in 2021, indicating a growth of approximately 8.6% [665]. - The company reported $24,765 million in industrial and commercial products revenue for 2022, an increase from $22,343 million in 2021 [665]. Investment Activities - Berkshire Hathaway acquired Alleghany Corporation for approximately $11.5 billion on October 19, 2022 [578]. - The fair value of investments in fixed maturity securities as of December 31, 2022, was $25.128 billion, with a cost basis of $25.173 billion [598]. - Berkshire Hathaway's investment in fixed maturity securities included $10.039 billion in U.S. Treasury and government agencies as of December 31, 2022 [598]. - The investment in Occidental preferred stock has an aggregate liquidation value of $10 billion, with an 8% annual dividend [623]. - Proceeds from sales of equity securities were approximately $33.7 billion in 2022, compared to $15.8 billion in 2021 [627]. Asset and Liability Management - The total assets of Berkshire Hathaway as of September 30, 2022, were $72.144 billion, with liabilities of $43.424 billion [585]. - The net liabilities from unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses increased to $102.447 billion as of December 31, 2022, from $83.704 billion in 2021 [619]. - Cash paid for income taxes in 2022 was $4.236 billion, down from $5.412 billion in 2021 [618]. - The balance of loans and finance receivables at December 31, 2022, was $856 million, up from $765 million in 2021 [628]. - The total lease payments for operating leases amounted to $5.651 billion as of December 31, 2022, with lease liabilities at $4.939 billion [616]. Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment charges were $157 million in 2022, down from $259 million in 2021 [158]. - Goodwill impairments totaled $11.0 billion as of December 31, 2022, remaining unchanged from 2021 [669]. - Goodwill and other intangible assets rose from $6,748 million in 2021 to $7,010 million in 2022 [685]. - Intangible asset amortization expense was $1,233 million in 2022, slightly down from $1,252 million in 2021 [638]. - Estimated amortization expense for intangible assets over the next five years is projected to be $1,253 million in 2023, decreasing to $877 million in 2027 [638]. Taxation - Net deferred income tax liability decreased from $89,679 million in 2021 to $76,069 million in 2022 [685]. - Net unrecognized tax benefits were $440 million at December 31, 2022, down from $1,046 million in 2021 [687]. - The company has $383 million of tax positions that could impact the effective tax rate if recognized [687]. - The company anticipates no material increases in unrecognized tax benefits during 2023 [687]. - The company has settled income tax liabilities with the IRS for tax years through 2011, with ongoing audits for subsequent years [687].

Financial Performance - Net earnings attributable to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders decreased to $(2.688) billion in Q3 2022 from $10.344 billion in Q3 2021, and $(40.983) billion in the first nine months of 2022 compared to $50.149 billion in the same period of 2021[110]. - Net earnings for the third quarter of 2022 were $1.442 billion, compared to $1.538 billion in Q3 2021[135]. - Consolidated shareholders' equity attributable to Berkshire shareholders was $455.4 billion as of September 30, 2022, a decrease of $50.8 billion since December 31, 2021[171]. - Net loss attributable to Berkshire shareholders for the first nine months of 2022 was $41.0 billion, including after-tax losses on investments of $64.9 billion[171]. Insurance Operations - After-tax insurance underwriting earnings decreased by $178 million in Q3 2022 and $690 million in the first nine months of 2022 compared to 2021, with significant catastrophe losses of approximately $2.7 billion from Hurricane Ian in 2022[110][112]. - GEICO's pre-tax underwriting losses were $(759) million in Q3 2022 and $(1.424) billion in the first nine months of 2022, reflecting increased claims severities and a 4.6% decline in voluntary auto policies-in-force[113][115]. - Losses and loss adjustment expenses for GEICO increased by $1.0 billion (12.1%) in Q3 2022 and $4.6 billion (20.4%) in the first nine months of 2022 compared to 2021, with a loss ratio of 97.0% in Q3 2022[115]. - Berkshire acquired Alleghany Corporation on October 19, 2022, which will be included in the insurance results from the acquisition date[112]. Investment Income - After-tax earnings from insurance investment income increased by $247 million in Q3 2022 and $896 million in the first nine months of 2022 compared to 2021, driven by higher dividend income and interest rates[110]. - Pre-tax net investment income rose by 25.5% in Q3 2022 and 26.6% in the first nine months of 2022 compared to 2021[131]. - Dividend income increased by 7.1% in Q3 2022 and 21.0% in the first nine months of 2022 compared to the same periods in 2021[131]. - Interest and other investment income surged by 181.6% in Q3 2022 and 72.3% in the first nine months of 2022 compared to 2021, primarily due to rising short-term interest rates[131]. Revenue and Earnings by Segment - BNSF railroad after-tax earnings declined by 6.2% in Q3 2022 but increased by 4.0% in the first nine months of 2022 compared to 2021, reflecting higher revenue per car/unit and increased operating costs[110]. - Utilities and energy business after-tax earnings increased by 5.9% in Q3 2022 and 5.5% in the first nine months of 2022 compared to 2021, attributed to higher earnings from tax equity investments and natural gas pipeline operations[110]. - Manufacturing, service, and retailing businesses saw a 20.0% increase in after-tax earnings in Q3 2022 and a 14.3% increase in the first nine months of 2022 compared to 2021, despite rising input costs[110]. - Energy operating revenue for BHE was $6.095 billion in Q3 2022, an increase from $5.225 billion in Q3 2021[141]. Premiums and Underwriting - Premiums written increased by $389 million (11.1%) in Q3 2022 and $1.4 billion (15.3%) in the first nine months compared to 2021, driven by increases at BH Specialty (20%), USLI (17%), and BHHC (15%)[116]. - The loss ratio for BH Primary was 81.1% in Q3 2022 and 74.0% for the first nine months, reflecting an increase of 5.5 percentage points and 1.8 percentage points, respectively, compared to 2021[118]. - Catastrophe event losses amounted to approximately $660 million in Q3 2022 and $740 million in the first nine months, compared to $260 million and $420 million in the same periods of 2021[118]. - Underwriting expenses rose by $194 million (26.0%) in Q3 2022 and $541 million (27.3%) in the first nine months compared to 2021, with the expense ratio increasing by 1.8 percentage points in Q3 and 1.9 percentage points year-to-date[118]. Cash and Capital Management - Cash, cash equivalents, and U.S. Treasury Bills totaled $59.7 billion as of September 30, 2022, down from $90.7 billion at December 31, 2021[134]. - Cash, cash equivalents, and U.S. Treasury Bills held by insurance and other businesses totaled $105.2 billion, including $77.9 billion in U.S. Treasury Bills[171]. - Berkshire repurchased $5.2 billion of its Class A and B common stock in the first nine months of 2022[171]. - Outstanding borrowings at Berkshire parent company were $19.2 billion as of September 30, 2022, a decrease of $2.2 billion since December 31, 2021[173]. Market Conditions and Economic Impact - The company does not expect a material impact from the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 on its consolidated financial statements[173]. - Effective income tax rate for the third quarter of 2022 was 23.5%, compared to 24.2% in Q3 2021[135]. - Effective income tax rate was 20.9% in Q3 2022 compared to 20.7% in Q3 2021[165]. Miscellaneous - The financial information for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, includes consolidated balance sheets and statements of earnings, cash flows, and changes in shareholders' equity[188]. - The report was signed by Marc D. Hamburg, Senior Vice President and Principal Financial Officer, on November 5, 2022[190].

Part I – Financial Information [Financial Statements](index=2&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Financial%20Statements) The company's financial statements reflect a significant net loss driven by unrealized losses in the equity portfolio [Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=3&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) Total assets and shareholders' equity decreased, primarily driven by a reduction in the fair value of equity securities | Balance Sheet Items | June 30, 2022 (Unaudited) | December 31, 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Assets** | | | | Cash and cash equivalents | $30,608 million | $88,184 million | | Investments in equity securities | $327,662 million | $350,719 million | | Total Assets | $909,860 million | $958,784 million | | **Liabilities & Equity** | | | | Total Liabilities | $440,207 million | $443,854 million | | Total Shareholders' Equity | $469,653 million | $514,930 million | [Consolidated Statements of Earnings](index=5&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Earnings) The company reported a substantial net loss due to investment and derivative losses, despite growth in total revenues | (in millions, except per share) | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | First Six Months 2022 | First Six Months 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Total Revenues | $76,180 | $69,114 | $146,990 | $133,713 | | Investment/Derivative Gains (Losses) | $(66,919) | $27,394 | $(68,897) | $33,094 | | Net Earnings (Loss) Attributable to BRK | $(43,755) | $28,094 | $(38,295) | $39,805 | | Net Earnings (Loss) per Class A Share | $(29,754) | $18,488 | $(26,005) | $26,078 | [Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows](index=7&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Cash%20Flows) Operating cash flow decreased while investing activities saw a large outflow due to net equity security purchases | (in millions) | First Six Months 2022 | First Six Months 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Net cash flows from operating activities | $15,361 | $19,559 | | Net cash flows from investing activities | $(74,173) | $(11,433) | | Net cash flows from financing activities | $1,607 | $(13,578) | | **Increase (decrease) in cash** | **$(57,482)** | **$(5,564)** | - Significant investing activities in the first six months of 2022 included **$57.3 billion in purchases** of equity securities, partially offset by $12.0 billion in sales[20](index=20&type=chunk) - The company acquired **$4.2 billion** of its own treasury stock in the first half of 2022, compared to $12.6 billion in the same period of 2021[20](index=20&type=chunk) [Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements](index=8&type=section&id=Notes%20to%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) Notes detail the high concentration in the equity portfolio and significant acquisition and repurchase activities - Approximately **73% of the aggregate fair value** of the equity securities portfolio was concentrated in four companies as of June 30, 2022[29](index=29&type=chunk) - During the first six months of 2022, Berkshire acquired approximately **17% of the outstanding common stock of Occidental Petroleum**, with a fair value of $9.3 billion as of June 30, 2022[31](index=31&type=chunk) - Berkshire entered into an agreement to acquire Alleghany Corporation for approximately **$11.6 billion in cash**, with the transaction expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2022[74](index=74&type=chunk) - The company's common stock repurchase program allows for repurchases when the price is below intrinsic value, provided that consolidated cash holdings do not fall below **$30 billion**[69](index=69&type=chunk) [Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations](index=25&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Management's%20Discussion%20and%20Analysis%20of%20Financial%20Condition%20and%20Results%20of%20Operations) Management highlights strong operating earnings from diverse businesses despite the reported net loss from investments - Management emphasizes that investment and derivative gains/losses, which are the primary cause of the reported net loss, are **'generally meaningless in understanding our reported quarterly or annual results'**[85](index=85&type=chunk) - The company's financial condition remains strong, with insurance and other businesses holding **$101.3 billion in cash**, cash equivalents, and U.S. Treasury Bills at June 30, 2022[155](index=155&type=chunk) - In the first six months of 2022, Berkshire paid **$4.2 billion** to repurchase its Class A and B common stock[155](index=155&type=chunk) | After-Tax Earnings by Segment (in millions) | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | First Six Months 2022 | First Six Months 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Insurance – underwriting | $581 | $376 | $628 | $1,140 | | Insurance – investment income | $1,906 | $1,219 | $3,076 | $2,427 | | Railroad | $1,664 | $1,516 | $3,035 | $2,767 | | Utilities and energy | $766 | $740 | $1,516 | $1,443 | | Manufacturing, service and retailing | $3,249 | $3,004 | $6,274 | $5,623 | | Investment and derivative gains (losses) | $(53,038) | $21,408 | $(54,618) | $26,101 | | **Net Earnings (Loss)** | **$(43,755)** | **$28,094** | **$(38,295)** | **$39,805** | [Insurance—Underwriting](index=26&type=section&id=Insurance%E2%80%94Underwriting) Underwriting results were mixed, with a significant loss at GEICO offset by improved reinsurance earnings | Pre-tax Underwriting Earnings (Loss) (in millions) | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | First Six Months 2022 | First Six Months 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | GEICO | $(487) | $626 | $(665) | $1,649 | | Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group | $242 | $166 | $334 | $372 | | Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group | $967 | $(327) | $1,123 | $(590) | | **Total** | **$722** | **$465** | **$792** | **$1,431** | - GEICO's underwriting loss was driven by **increased claims severities** from significant cost inflation in automobile markets[92](index=92&type=chunk) - BHRG's property/casualty underwriting expenses included **foreign currency exchange gains of $308 million in Q2** and $389 million in H1 2022, significantly boosting results[102](index=102&type=chunk) - BHRG's life/health reinsurance results improved as 2021 results were negatively affected by **significant, pandemic-related increases in mortality**[105](index=105&type=chunk) [Insurance—Investment Income](index=30&type=section&id=Insurance%E2%80%94Investment%20Income) Net investment income grew significantly, driven by higher dividend income and rising short-term interest rates | (in millions) | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | First Six Months 2022 | First Six Months 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Dividend income | $2,055 | $1,298 | $3,252 | $2,551 | | Interest and other | $228 | $158 | $392 | $317 | | **Pre-tax net investment income** | **$2,283** | **$1,456** | **$3,644** | **$2,868** | - The increase in dividend income was due to an **overall increase in equity security investments** during the first half of 2022[111](index=111&type=chunk) - The increase in interest income was primarily due to **increases in short-term interest rates**[111](index=111&type=chunk) - The float of the insurance businesses was approximately **$147 billion** at both June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021[113](index=113&type=chunk) [Railroad (BNSF)](index=31&type=section&id=Railroad) BNSF's net earnings grew due to higher revenue per car, which offset a decline in total freight volumes | BNSF Performance (in millions) | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | First Six Months 2022 | First Six Months 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Railroad operating revenues | $6,640 | $5,609 | $12,231 | $10,830 | | Railroad operating earnings | $2,564 | $2,220 | $4,421 | $4,115 | | Net earnings | $1,664 | $1,516 | $3,035 | $2,767 | - Revenue growth was primarily due to a **17.9% year-to-date increase in average revenue per car/unit**, driven by higher fuel surcharge revenue[119](index=119&type=chunk) - Total freight volumes **decreased by 4.5%** in the first six months of 2022, with consumer products volumes seeing the largest decline[118](index=118&type=chunk)[119](index=119&type=chunk) - Fuel expenses **increased by 71.9%** in the first six months of 2022 due to higher fuel prices[119](index=119&type=chunk) [Utilities and Energy (BHE)](index=33&type=section&id=Utilities%20and%20Energy) BHE's net earnings increased slightly, with growth in some segments offsetting declines in others like PacifiCorp | BHE Net Earnings Attributable to BHE (in millions) | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | First Six Months 2022 | First Six Months 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | PacifiCorp | $83 | $226 | $213 | $395 | | MidAmerican Energy Company | $204 | $211 | $445 | $355 | | Natural gas pipelines | $188 | $100 | $497 | $483 | | Real estate brokerage | $84 | $135 | $105 | $219 | | **Total BHE Net Earnings** | **$865** | **$849** | **$1,715** | **$1,658** | - PacifiCorp's earnings **decreased significantly**, reflecting higher operating expenses related to wildfires and plant maintenance, and lower production tax credits[125](index=125&type=chunk) - Real estate brokerage earnings **decreased sharply** due to lower mortgage volumes, reduced refinancing activity, and a decrease in closed units[125](index=125&type=chunk) [Manufacturing, Service and Retailing](index=35&type=section&id=Manufacturing%2C%20Service%20and%20Retailing) This diverse group reported increased pre-tax earnings, led by strong performance in the Building Products segment | Pre-tax Earnings (in millions) | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | First Six Months 2022 | First Six Months 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Manufacturing | $3,028 | $2,714 | $5,852 | $5,150 | | Service and retailing | $1,275 | $1,270 | $2,492 | $2,311 | | **Total** | **$4,303** | **$3,984** | **$8,344** | **$7,461** | - The Building Products group's pre-tax earnings **increased 40.6%** in the first six months, driven by strong residential construction[136](index=136&type=chunk) - The Consumer Products group's pre-tax earnings **declined 10.6%** in the first six months, as apparel businesses were negatively impacted by lower sales volumes and higher input costs[138](index=138&type=chunk) - McLane's foodservice and grocery distribution business saw revenues increase but **earnings decline** due to higher costs and supply chain constraints[147](index=147&type=chunk) [Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk](index=43&type=section&id=Item%203.%20Quantitative%20and%20Qualitative%20Disclosures%20About%20Market%20Risk) The company reports no material changes in market risks from those described in its 2021 Annual Report - There were **no material changes** in the market risks described in Berkshire's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021[164](index=164&type=chunk) [Controls and Procedures](index=43&type=section&id=Item%204.%20Controls%20and%20Procedures) Management concluded that disclosure controls and procedures were effective with no significant changes noted - Based on an evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are **effective**[165](index=165&type=chunk) - **No significant changes** in the Company's internal control over financial reporting occurred during the quarter[165](index=165&type=chunk) Part II – Other Information [Legal Proceedings](index=43&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Legal%20Proceedings) The company does not expect pending legal actions from normal business operations to have a material financial effect - The company states its belief that pending legal actions arising from the normal course of business **will not have a material effect** on its financial condition or operations[166](index=166&type=chunk) [Risk Factors](index=43&type=section&id=Item%201A.%20Risk%20Factors) The report references the significant business risks previously described in the annual Form 10-K filing - The report references the risk factors disclosed in the **Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021**, without adding new ones[167](index=167&type=chunk) [Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities](index=44&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Unregistered%20Sales%20of%20Equity%20Securities%20and%20Use%20of%20Proceeds%20and%20Issuer%20Repurchases%20of%20Equity%20Securities) The company repurchased both Class A and Class B common stock during the second quarter of 2022 | Period (2022) | Class | Total Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | April | A & B | 0 | N/A | | May | A & B | 0 | N/A | | June | A | 2,397 | $425,870.54 | | June | B | 25,462 | $276.75 | - The repurchase program does not specify a maximum number of shares and has no expiration date, but repurchases will not be made if they reduce consolidated cash holdings **below $30 billion**[170](index=170&type=chunk) [Exhibits](index=45&type=section&id=Item%206.%20Exhibits) This section lists all exhibits filed with the Form 10-Q, including certifications and iXBRL data - The exhibits filed include certifications under Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) and Section 1350, as well as Mine Safety Disclosures and iXBRL data files[172](index=172&type=chunk)[173](index=173&type=chunk)[176](index=176&type=chunk)