Financial Performance - The company reported a net loss of 56.5millionforQ22024,comparedtoanetlossof36.3 million in Q2 2023, reflecting an increase of 55% year-over-year [147]. - For the first half of 2024, the net loss was 106.4million,upfrom72.3 million in the same period of 2023, indicating a 47% increase [147]. - Net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2024, was 56.5million,comparedtoanetlossof36.3 million for the same period in 2023, reflecting a 56% increase in losses [171]. - Total operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2024, were 56.1million,upfrom37.6 million in the same period of 2023, marking a 49% increase [171]. - Net cash used in operating activities was 96.5millionforthesixmonthsendedJune30,2024,comparedto63.0 million for the same period in 2023 [200]. Research and Development - The company has initiated multiple Phase 3 clinical trials for ESK-001 in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, with patient dosing commencing in July 2024 [142]. - A Phase 1 program for A-005, a CNS-penetrant TYK2 inhibitor, was initiated in April 2024, with initial results expected by the end of 2024 [142]. - Research and development expenses increased by 15.7million,reaching48.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, compared to 32.8millionforthesameperiodin2023,representinga4890.5 million, an increase of 25.2millionfrom65.3 million in the same period of 2023, a 39% increase [174]. - Personnel-related costs in research and development increased by 2.3millionforthethreemonthsendedJune30,2024,primarilyduetoincreasedheadcountandstock−basedcompensation[176].FundingandCapitalStructure−ThecompanycloseditsIPOonJuly1,2024,raisingapproximately193.2 million in net proceeds after offering costs [152]. - In addition to the IPO, a Concurrent Private Placement raised an additional 40.0millionfromanexistinginvestor[153].−AsofJune30,2024,thecompanyhadcash,cashequivalents,andmarketablesecuritiestotaling209.5 million, with expected net proceeds of approximately 233.2millionfromitsIPOandConcurrentPrivatePlacementtofundoperationsforatleastthenext12months[193].−NetcashprovidedbyfinancingactivitiesforthesixmonthsendedJune30,2024,was257.2 million, primarily from the issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock [205]. - The company has not generated any revenue from product sales since inception and anticipates needing substantial additional funding for ongoing operations [191]. Expenses and Liabilities - General and administrative expenses rose by 2.8millionto7.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, up from 4.8millioninthesameperiodof2023,a594.2 million to 13.2millionfrom9.0 million in the same period of 2023 [183]. - The company recognized a derivative liability loss of 2.3millionand5.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, related to Series C financing [189]. - The company incurred a milestone payment of 23.0millioninJuly2024relatedtothefirstadministrationofESK−001inaPhase3clinicaltrial,expectedtobepaidinQ32024[194].−AsofJune30,2024,thecompanyhadtotalleasepaymentobligationsundernon−cancelableleasesof31.6 million, including 2.6millionpayablethroughDecember31,2024[209].MarketandEconomicConditions−Inflationhasincreasedcostsrelatedtolaborandresearchanddevelopment,butthecompanydoesnotbelieveithashadamaterialeffectonitsfinancialcondition[219].−Thecompanyisexposedtointerestraterisksrelatedtocashequivalentsandmarketablesecurities,butdoesnotexpecta10700.0 million and annual revenue below $100.0 million [214].