华为(HUAWEI) - 2021 - 年度财报

Financial Performance - Company achieved sales revenue of RMB 636.8 billion in 2021, with a net profit margin of 17.9%[5] - Revenue in 2021 reached $99.887 billion (RMB 636.807 billion), with an operating profit of$19.044 billion (RMB 121.412 billion) and an operating margin of 19.1%[14] - The company's net profit for 2021 was $17.837 billion (RMB 113.718 billion), a significant increase from$6.465 billion (RMB 64.649 billion) in 2020[14] - Operating cash flow increased by 69.4%, and cash reserves remained sufficient[5] - The company's operating cash flow in 2021 was $9.360 billion (RMB 59.670 million), compared to$3.522 billion (RMB 35.218 million) in 2020[14] - The company's cash and short-term investments stood at $65.304 billion (RMB 416.334 billion) at the end of 2021[14] - Huawei's total assets reached$154.184 billion (RMB 982.971 billion), with a debt-to-asset ratio of 57.8%[14] - Debt-to-asset ratio decreased from 62.3% to 57.8%, improving capital structure[5] - Revenue for 2021 was RMB 636.807 billion, a decrease from RMB 891.368 billion in 2020[193] - Gross profit for 2021 was RMB 307.442 billion, down from RMB 327.132 billion in 2020[193] - Operating profit for 2021 was RMB 121.412 billion, up from RMB 72.501 billion in 2020[193] - Net profit for 2021 was RMB 113.718 billion, compared to RMB 64.649 billion in 2020[193] - Total comprehensive income for 2021 was RMB 109.741 billion, up from RMB 62.998 billion in 2020[193] - The company's net profit attributable to owners was RMB 113.672 billion in 2021, compared to RMB 64.595 billion in 2020[193] - Total assets increased to RMB 982,971 million in 2021 from RMB 876,854 million in 2020, reflecting a growth of 12.1%[194] - Cash and cash equivalents decreased to RMB 128,395 million in 2021 from RMB 172,898 million in 2020, a decline of 25.7%[194] - Net cash generated from operating activities was RMB 59,670 million in 2021, up from RMB 35,218 million in 2020, indicating a 69.5% increase[195] - Investments and derivatives in non-current assets surged to RMB 30,194 million in 2021 from RMB 10,244 million in 2020, a 194.8% increase[194] - Equity attributable to the company's owners rose to RMB 414,557 million in 2021 from RMB 330,325 million in 2020, a 25.5% growth[194] - Total liabilities increased to RMB 568,319 million in 2021 from RMB 546,446 million in 2020, a 4.0% rise[194] - Net cash used in investing activities was RMB 100,575 million in 2021, compared to RMB 30,793 million in 2020, a 226.6% increase[195] - Revenue from sales of goods and services was RMB 708,883 million in 2021, down from RMB 989,447 million in 2020, a 28.4% decline[195] - Payments to suppliers and employees decreased to RMB 701,351 million in 2021 from RMB 1,010,231 million in 2020, a 30.6% reduction[195] - The company's equity in joint ventures and associates increased to RMB 4,342 million in 2021 from RMB 1,839 million in 2020, a 136.1% rise[194] R&D and Innovation - R&D expenses reached RMB 142.7 billion, accounting for 22.4% of sales revenue, the highest in the past decade[5] - Huawei invested RMB 142.7 billion in R&D in 2021, accounting for 22.4% of its annual revenue[20] - Over the past decade, Huawei has cumulatively invested over RMB 845 billion in R&D, with annual investments in basic research exceeding RMB 20 billion in recent years[20] - Huawei has established 86 basic technology laboratories and proposed a new trusted computing architecture model for the AI era, achieving a three-order-of-magnitude increase in data processing capacity[20] - R&D expenses in 2021 were RMB 142,666 million, accounting for 22.4% of revenue, an increase of 6.5 percentage points year-on-year[173] - R&D expenses for 2021 were RMB 142.666 billion, slightly higher than RMB 141.893 billion in 2020[193] - The company invested 22.4% of annual revenue in R&D, totaling over 10.7 billion RMB, with 54.8% of employees engaged in R&D activities[139] 5G and Network Solutions - Over 3,000 5G industry applications were promoted, supporting green site deployments in more than 100 countries[7] - Huawei's 5G networks delivered the best user experience in tests across 13 countries[7] - The company has built more than 1,500 networks globally, aiding millions of enterprises in digital transformation[3] - Huawei signed over 3,000 commercial contracts for 5G industry applications across more than 20 industries, including ports, manufacturing, and chemicals[18] - Huawei's green site solutions have helped global operators save approximately 84.2 billion kWh of electricity and reduce CO2 emissions by about 40 million tons by the end of 2021[19] - Huawei's green site solutions helped global operators save approximately 84.2 billion kWh of electricity and reduce 40 million tons of CO2 emissions by the end of 2021[46] - 5G user penetration exceeded 20% in countries like China, South Korea, and Switzerland, with over 30% of traffic carried by 5G in hotspot cities[50] - Over 40% of 5G users in South Korea used AR/VR applications, with AR children's library being one of the most popular[51] - Huawei supported 70+ operators in launching 5G FWA services, with over 2 million home users and a 60% increase in ARPU by 2021[51] - Huawei's 5G solutions enabled remote control of equipment with 20ms low latency in Hungary's East-West Gate railway terminal, improving logistics efficiency[52] - MetaAAU technology improves downlink edge rate by over 40% and uplink edge rate by approximately 60%[54] - Sub-3GHz multi-band multi-antenna solution increases network capacity by about 80% in Malaysia[54] - FDD Massive MIMO deployed by over 60 global operators to enhance spectrum efficiency[54] - Adaptive high-resolution algorithm boosts multi-user download speed and cell capacity by over 20% in high-density scenarios[54] - Green antenna technology achieves approximately 15% energy savings in Thailand[54] - CO+AirPON hybrid network solution reduces time-to-market by about 60% in the Philippines[55] - FTTR for Home solution deployed to over 150,000 users in China and piloted in more than 20 overseas operators[55] - SDH network modernization solution reduces TCO by approximately 23% in the Middle East[55] - IP network automation solution significantly improves resource management efficiency in Nigeria[56] - Huawei's 5GtoB initiatives supported digital transformation in 8 major industries with over 3,000 projects[80] - Huawei's MetaAAU innovation improved coverage by 3dB, enhanced user experience by 30%, and reduced energy consumption by 30% compared to traditional AAU[81] - Huawei's Sub6GHz BladeAAU Pro significantly reduced site TCO and enabled simplified deployment in Massive MIMO scenarios[81] - Huawei's 4T4R RRU improved user experience by 30% and reduced energy consumption by 30%[82] - Huawei's 8T8R RRU increased coverage by 3dB and capacity by 3 times while further reducing energy consumption[82] - Huawei's FDD Massive MIMO increased 4G network capacity by 3 times and 5G capacity by 5 times[82] - Huawei's FTTR solution has shipped over 400,000 units, providing gigabit Wi-Fi experience for homes and SMEs[83] - Huawei's AirPON solution has helped over 170 mobile operators globally reduce construction costs by approximately 30% and shorten time-to-market by over 50%[83] - Huawei's DQ ODN technology reduces invalid site visits by about 30%[83] - Huawei's all-optical campus and industrial network solutions have served over 5,000 customers globally, saving about 80% of weak current room space and reducing energy consumption by approximately 30%[83] - Huawei's fiber sensing product achieves an accuracy rate of over 97% in identifying damage events in oil and gas pipeline inspection scenarios[83] - Huawei has deployed over 90 OTN quality private line networks globally, expanding the user base by 10 times[83] - Huawei's 200G market share continues to lead, with 400G single-fiber capacity being the largest in the industry, and 800G has completed over 20 trial commercial deployments[83] - Huawei's OXC has been deployed in over 2,000 sets globally, helping operators save approximately 40 million kWh of electricity annually[83] - Huawei's AR-HUD solution can display a 70-inch equivalent image at a distance of about 7.5 meters from the human eye[83] - Huawei's IntelligentRAN architecture aims for zero-wait business, zero-fluctuation experience, and zero-failure network, achieving dual optimization of experience and energy efficiency[83] - Huawei's HiSec security solution upgraded to version 3.0, featuring intelligent analysis, dynamic detection, and global defense, enhancing network security resilience[84] - Huawei's CloudCampus solution upgraded to version 3.0, enabling end-to-end intelligent cloud campus networks with AirEngine Wi-Fi 6 and CloudEngine S8700 switches[84] - Huawei's 5GtoB public-private network solution ensures high reliability and efficiency, supporting S, M, and L series specifications for various industry needs[84] - Huawei's CloudFabric 3.0 solution achieves 0 packet loss in data center networks, enabling 100% computing power release and L3.5 autonomous network capabilities[84] - Huawei's Kunpeng DevKit 2.0 and BoostKit 2.0 enhance application performance, supporting over 10,000 solutions from 3,500 partners[87] - Huawei's openEuler operating system expanded to cloud, edge computing, and embedded scenarios, with over 80,000 developers and 24 innovation centers in China[87] - Huawei's openGauss database has over 50,000 global downloads, with 100+ enterprises and 2,500+ developers contributing to its development[89] - Huawei's 5G core network solution rated as the sole leader by GlobalData, supporting 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G NSA/SA full convergence[84] - Huawei's SD-WAN solution with NetEngine AR8140 enables multi-branch businesses to connect to the cloud with a single hop[84] - Huawei's CloudWAN 3.0 solution supports agile, intelligent, and secure cloud networks for enterprise customers[84] - Huawei's Ascend AI platform has developed over 600,000 developers and established partnerships with more than 500 industry partners, co-incubating over 600 solutions[90] - The Ascend AI platform has been adopted in over 20 cities in China for AI computing centers, with some already operational, providing普惠 AI算力[90] - Huawei's MindSpore community has over 4,000 contributors, supports more than 300 models, and serves over 5,000 enterprises with over 1 million downloads[90] - Huawei's AI visual algorithms in 3C electronics manufacturing achieve over 99% defect detection rate and accuracy, enhancing quality and efficiency[91] - Huawei's "Smart Base" project has empowered over 250,000 students and 2,500 pioneer teachers across 72 universities, offering 1,300 courses[92] - Huawei's OceanStor Pacific series storage improves storage space utilization by over 30% and supports diverse applications like HPDA and big data[93] - The OceanStor Dorado all-flash storage addresses performance challenges in financial data exchange and semiconductor EDA simulation scenarios[93] - Huawei's FusionCube hyper-converged products increase VM/container density by approximately 20% and energy efficiency by about 15%[93] - Huawei's IdeaHub办公宝 integrates video conferencing with cloud services, serving leading clients in energy, manufacturing, healthcare, and finance[94] - Huawei's gene sequencing solution with West China Hospital reduces human genome analysis time from 24 hours to 7 minutes[93] - Huawei Cloud operates 65 availability zones across 27 geographic regions, covering over 170 countries and regions[95] - Huawei Cloud serves over 7.3 billion monthly active users of Huawei devices globally[95] - Huawei Cloud has launched 220+ cloud services and 210+ solutions, with over 6,100 applications on its cloud marketplace[95] - Huawei Cloud supports 600+ government cloud projects in China, including upgrades for 35 city government clouds to cloud-native[95] - Huawei Cloud has helped over 1.7 million manufacturing enterprises with digital transformation through 40+ industrial internet innovation centers[95] - Huawei Cloud is the fastest-growing mainstream public cloud provider in the Asia-Pacific region[96] - Huawei Cloud's UCS (Ubiquitous Cloud-Native Service) improves operational efficiency by over 40% for financial clients like GF Securities[98] - Huawei Cloud's ModelArts AI platform enables a 20% performance improvement and 30% cost reduction for Singapore's Nestia[98] - Huawei Cloud's PanGu drug molecule model is expected to save 700,000 lives annually with a new broad-spectrum antibacterial drug[100] - Huawei Cloud's knowledge computing solution reduces the research cycle for oil and gas layer identification by 70%, achieving over 90% accuracy[100] - Huawei Cloud GaussDB has been commercially launched, providing financial-grade high availability across two regions and three centers, distributed high performance with over 1,000 nodes, and AI-Native autonomous management, serving as a robust data processing foundation[101] - Huawei Cloud collaborated with Xing Sheng You Xuan e-commerce platform, helping over 400,000 farmers in Hunan Province increase their income by more than 8 billion RMB, while enabling real-time analysis of user consumption trends and sales predictions[102] - Huawei Cloud Stack has served over 4,800 enterprise and government customers, including 600 government cloud projects, and supports 148 financial districts in Shaanxi Province with over 30,000 budget units and 80,000 users[103] - Huawei Cloud SparkRTC real-time audio and video service has built a global media network with over 2,500 nodes, achieving 200ms low latency and 99.99% high availability, supporting media production, distribution, and application scenarios[103] - Huawei Cloud MetaStudio digital content production line has created the first virtual digital employee "Yunsheng" and supported the development of a digital host "Xiao Yang" for a popular variety show[103] - Huawei Cloud has invested $100 million in the "Spark Innovation Plan" to support global startups, focusing on cloud collaboration, continuous technological innovation, and localized services[103] - Huawei Digital Energy has helped customers achieve 482.9 billion kWh of green power generation, saving approximately 14.2 billion kWh of electricity, and reducing CO2 emissions by nearly 230 million tons by the end of 2021[105] - Huawei Digital Energy is driving the transition to a low-carbon society by integrating digital and power electronics technologies, focusing on clean power generation, energy digitization, and green ICT infrastructure[104] - Huawei's smart photovoltaic solutions have increased power generation by over 2% and improved operation and maintenance efficiency by more than 50% at the 2.2GW photovoltaic park in Qinghai, which produces nearly 5 billion kWh of clean electricity annually[106] - The Red Sea project in Saudi Arabia, supported by Huawei, includes 1,300MWh of energy storage and 400MWp of photovoltaic capacity, aiming to meet the energy needs of a million people and become the world's first 100% solar-powered city[107] - Huawei's DriveONE solution enhances electric vehicle range by 8.5% and enables a 200 km range with just 10 minutes of charging[108] - The Moro Hub green data center in Dubai, powered by 100% solar energy, has a total design capacity of 18MW, with the first phase of 1.8MW completed in just 5.5 days[108] - Huawei's FusionPower solution saved over 40% of space in the power distribution system at the Shanghai Data Center, allowing for the deployment of 350 additional IT cabinets and saving over 16,000 meters of power cables[109] - The "Smart Super Station" in Hangzhou, developed with Huawei, reduced site area by 80% and increased photovoltaic power generation by 20%, saving 13,000 yuan annually and reducing carbon emissions by 8 tons[110] - Huawei's comprehensive smart energy solutions improve energy efficiency by approximately 20%, reduce energy costs by about 10%, and shorten the investment payback period by 25%[112] - The Huawei Digital Energy Antuoshan Base in Shenzhen is expected to produce 1.5 million kWh of photovoltaic green electricity annually, achieving a 51% reduction in electricity consumption and a 63% reduction in carbon emissions[112] - The Shenzhen International Low-Carbon City Exhibition Center, equipped with Huawei's solutions, generates approximately 1.27 million kWh of green electricity annually and reduces carbon emissions by 606 tons[112] - Huawei's open ecosystem strategy includes hardware and software openness, enabling partners to develop energy applications and participate in industry standards and policy development[113] - Huawei's global monthly active users for its terminal devices exceeded 730 million