我国1/10成年人胃酸“反流”，久了可能拖成癌

Core Insights - A recent study indicates that 1 in 10 adults in China suffers from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), highlighting a significant public health concern [3][5]. Group 1: Prevalence and Symptoms - The study, conducted by Peking Union Medical College Hospital and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, surveyed 27,000 adults and found that GERD is prevalent among individuals aged 18 to 64 [3]. - Common symptoms of GERD include heartburn, acid reflux, throat discomfort, and hoarseness, with some patients experiencing chest pain that may be mistaken for angina [9]. Group 2: Causes and Risk Factors - The primary cause of GERD is dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter, which normally prevents stomach contents from flowing back into the esophagus [6]. - Contributing factors to GERD include poor dietary habits, such as excessive consumption of spicy and fried foods, and lifestyle choices like overeating and eating close to bedtime [10][11]. - Psychological stress and obesity are also significant risk factors, as they can disrupt gastrointestinal function and increase abdominal pressure [12][13]. - Smoking and alcohol consumption weaken the lower esophageal sphincter and irritate the esophageal lining, exacerbating GERD symptoms [14]. Group 3: Complications and Recommendations - Delayed treatment of GERD can lead to serious complications, including esophageal erosion and an increased risk of Barrett's esophagus, which has a cancer risk 30 to 125 times higher than that of the general population [16]. - High-risk groups, such as those with obesity, frequent late-night eating, and high-stress levels, should seek medical attention if they experience symptoms more than twice a week [16]. Group 4: Management and Prevention - Recommendations for managing GERD include lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes and weight control, as well as medical interventions like proton pump inhibitors for mild cases and endoscopic procedures for severe cases [17][20]. - Specific dietary suggestions include consuming foods that neutralize stomach acid, such as soda crackers and bananas, while avoiding chocolate and carbonated beverages [18]. - It is advised to maintain a healthy weight and undergo annual health check-ups, especially for individuals over 40 or those in high-risk categories [20].