新型储能在电力行业绿色低碳发展背景下的机遇与挑战

Core Insights - The report highlights significant achievements in China's power industry regarding green and low-carbon development, with renewable energy generation capacity surpassing thermal power for the first time by the end of 2024 [1][2][3] - The intermittent and volatile nature of renewable energy generation poses challenges to grid stability, making energy storage technologies crucial for enhancing the flexibility and safety of the power system [1][3] Industry Policies - Since 2021, favorable policies have emerged in the new energy storage sector, establishing clear development goals and optimizing the layout across power generation, grid, and user sides [4][5] - Over 700 policies related to energy storage have been issued since 2024, covering development planning, price reforms, and demonstration applications, accelerating high-quality development in the storage industry [5][6] Development Status - China's new energy storage capacity has seen rapid growth, exceeding pumped storage capacity for the first time by the end of 2024, with a total installed capacity of 73.76 million kilowatts [9][10] - The distribution of new energy storage is closely linked to regions with abundant renewable resources and high energy demand, with significant developments in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang [10][11] - Large-scale new energy storage projects are being deployed, with a trend towards centralized and large-scale installations, where projects with capacities of 100,000 kilowatts or more account for 62.3% of total installations [14] Opportunities and Challenges - The new energy storage sector is transitioning from policy-driven growth to market-oriented development, with opportunities arising from policy incentives, increasing demand for renewable energy consumption, and technological cost reductions [17][18] - Challenges include reliance on imported lithium resources, safety risks associated with lithium batteries, slow industrialization of non-lithium technologies, and an imperfect revenue mechanism [17][19]