科普| 年轻乳腺癌患者有生育需求但不敢生，乳腺癌到底是否会遗传

Core Insights - There is a significant gap between the desire for childbirth among young breast cancer patients and the actual birth rates, with over 50% expressing a desire to have children but only about 5% achieving this [1] - Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women in China, with 357,200 new cases reported in 2022, accounting for 15.6% of all new cancer cases [1] - Young breast cancer patients, defined as those under 40, represent approximately 14.9% of all breast cancer cases in China, with those under 35 making up 6.5% [1] Fertility Concerns - Many breast cancer patients fear tumor recurrence and potential genetic transmission to their children, leading to reluctance in pursuing childbirth [2] - Chemotherapy and endocrine therapy can lead to ovarian failure and infertility, with treatments lasting from 5 to 15 years, impacting patients' ability to conceive later in life [2] - The hereditary aspect of breast cancer is often misunderstood, as only 5% to 10% of cases are truly hereditary, and the risk of passing on the disease is not as high as perceived [2] Fertility Preservation - There is a critical time window for fertility preservation, ideally within 1-2 weeks post-surgery and before chemotherapy begins, where techniques like vitrification can be employed to save embryos, eggs, or ovarian tissue [3] - The success rate for pregnancies using frozen embryos from women under 35 can reach 50%, comparable to rates for those facing infertility [3] - Integrated communication between fertility specialists and oncology teams is essential for assessing ovarian function and developing fertility protection plans alongside cancer treatment [3] Awareness and Advocacy - There is a notable lack of awareness regarding fertility preservation among cancer patients, necessitating a collective effort from government, professionals, media, and the public to promote reproductive health and cancer prevention [4] - The importance of incorporating reproductive health into cancer health literacy initiatives is emphasized, aiming to reduce risks associated with breast cancer and enhance public understanding of both cancer and reproductive health [4]