国际新闻小课堂丨央视新闻“超市经济学”告诉你 加关税降逆差为啥走不通

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the concept of "dollar privilege" and its implications on the U.S. trade deficit, highlighting that the appreciation of the dollar, often seen as beneficial, paradoxically leads to an increase in the trade deficit due to various economic mechanisms. Group 1: Dollar Privilege and Trade Deficit - The appreciation of the dollar during economic crises attracts safe-haven capital, which increases the trade deficit [1][31] - The article uses the analogy of a "small supermarket" to explain how the U.S. economy operates, where the dollar functions like a widely accepted coupon that can be used in various markets, illustrating the unique position of the dollar [6][31] - The increase in tariffs, intended to reduce the trade deficit, ultimately leads to a stronger dollar, which paradoxically expands the trade deficit [4][30] Group 2: Economic Mechanisms - Tariffs initially reduce imports, which may lower the trade deficit, but the resulting dollar appreciation can negate these effects by making foreign goods cheaper in dollar terms [4][23] - The article emphasizes that the U.S. can maintain a trade deficit without facing the same pressures as other countries due to its ability to print dollars, a privilege not shared by other nations [31][33] - The long-term solution to the trade deficit is suggested to be the relinquishment of the dollar's "privilege," rather than relying on tariffs, which have been shown to be ineffective [33]