欧盟公布“能源脱俄”路线图，克宫：这是在“搬起石头砸自己的脚”

Core Points - The European Commission has announced a roadmap to gradually end imports of Russian energy by the end of 2027, including natural gas, oil, and nuclear supplies [1][2][3] - The plan is a response to the 2022 Russia-Ukraine conflict and aims to diversify energy imports and increase renewable energy production [3] - The roadmap requires each EU member state to draft a national plan detailing how they will eliminate Russian energy sources from their energy structure [2][3] Energy Supply Changes - By the end of 2022, EU companies will be prohibited from signing new contracts for Russian natural gas and from importing gas on the spot market [2] - In 2022, the EU imported 316.2 billion cubic meters of Russian pipeline gas and 200.5 billion cubic meters of liquefied natural gas, accounting for 19% of total gas consumption, down from approximately 45% before 2022 [3] - The EU's nuclear energy ties with Russia are also under scrutiny, as Russia supplies 20% of the EU's natural uranium and 38% of its enrichment capacity [3] Internal Resistance - There is significant internal resistance within the EU regarding the roadmap, particularly from Hungary and Slovakia, which are reluctant to lose cheaper Russian energy supplies [4] - High energy prices are impacting economic growth, leading some politicians and businesses to call for a resumption of energy imports from Russia [4] - Legal challenges may arise as European companies lack strong legal grounds to unilaterally terminate long-term contracts with Russian suppliers, with disputes amounting to €18.5 billion [4] Alternative Energy Sources - The EU is exploring alternative energy sources to fill the gap left by Russian energy, with Norway, the US, and Algeria being key suppliers [7] - In 2024, Norway is expected to account for 33.6% of EU gas imports, while the US is projected to supply 16.7% [7] - The EU aims to diversify its energy supply without creating new dependencies, particularly on US liquefied natural gas [7][8]