多国央行货币政策呈现“分化”格局

Group 1: Central Bank Decisions - The Bank of England lowered its benchmark interest rate from 4.5% to 4.25%, with a divided opinion among committee members regarding the extent of the cut [1] - The Central Bank of Peru reduced its reference rate from 4.75% to 4.50% [2] - The Bank Negara Malaysia maintained its overnight policy rate at 3% but lowered the statutory reserve requirement by 100 basis points to 1%, effective May 16, releasing approximately 19 billion Malaysian Ringgit in liquidity [4] - The Swedish and Norwegian central banks kept their rates unchanged at 2.25% and 4.5% respectively, citing increased global economic uncertainty due to U.S. trade policies [5] - The Central Bank of Brazil raised its benchmark rate by 50 basis points to 14.75%, the highest level since August 2006, due to rising food and energy prices [6] Group 2: Economic Outlook and Inflation - The Bank of England forecasts a temporary rise in inflation to 3.7% due to energy price increases, up from 2.6% in March [1] - The Bank of England predicts a 0.8% economic growth for the UK in 2025, lower than the previous year, emphasizing the need for stable low inflation before further rate cuts [1] - The Bank Negara Malaysia noted that U.S. tariffs and retaliatory measures have weakened global economic and trade growth prospects [4] - The Swedish central bank indicated that inflation may fall below previous forecasts, suggesting potential future easing of monetary policy [5] - The Central Bank of Brazil expects an inflation rate of 4.8% in 2025, above its target range [6]