高原旅行别大意！收藏这份高反应对指南

Core Points - High altitude sickness (referred to as "high reaction") occurs when individuals rapidly enter high-altitude areas, leading to discomfort due to low oxygen levels, low pressure, and cold environments [3][4] - Symptoms vary in severity, with mild symptoms including headaches and dizziness, while severe cases can lead to life-threatening conditions like high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) [4][6] High Reaction Symptoms - Mild symptoms: headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, decreased appetite, increased heart rate, and rapid breathing [4] - Moderate symptoms: persistent headache, vomiting, diarrhea, sleep disturbances, chest tightness, and confusion [4] - Severe symptoms: HAPE (coughing with pink frothy sputum, extreme shortness of breath) and HACE (confusion, unsteady gait, coma) [4] At-Risk Populations - Individuals with high oxygen consumption (e.g., athletes) and those with weak cardiopulmonary function (e.g., asthma, hypertension patients) are more susceptible to high reaction [6] - Caution is advised for individuals with severe chronic conditions, pregnant women, children under 8, and seniors over 60 [7] Prevention Strategies - Gradual ascent to higher altitudes is crucial to allow the body to adapt to lower oxygen levels [10] - Overnight stays in lower altitude areas during high-altitude travel can help mitigate symptoms [11] - Adequate carbohydrate intake and avoiding strenuous activities are recommended upon reaching high altitudes [12] Response to High Reaction - If symptoms occur, individuals should inform companions and cease physical activity, avoiding further ascent [14] - Mild symptoms typically improve within 24 to 48 hours, and supplemental oxygen should be used if available [14] - Treatment varies based on symptoms, with options including pain relief for headaches and sleep aids for insomnia [16][17] - If symptoms worsen or do not improve, descending to lower altitudes is advised [17][18]