全国碳排放权交易市场迈向新阶段

Core Viewpoint - The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasizes the need to deepen ecological civilization reforms and promote a carbon trading market to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals [1] Group 1: Carbon Market Development - The national carbon emissions trading market currently covers 2,257 key emission units in the power generation sector, accounting for approximately 5.1 billion tons of CO2 emissions annually, which is about 40% of the national total [1] - The current carbon market is limited in industry coverage and has low market activity due to high homogeneity among participants, necessitating the inclusion of more high-emission industries such as steel, cement, and aluminum [1][2] - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has issued a plan to gradually include the steel, cement, and aluminum industries into the national carbon emissions trading market, aiming to enhance carbon reduction efforts and create a more effective carbon market [1][2] Group 2: Policy Implementation and Mechanisms - The plan aims to expand the market coverage by incorporating around 1,500 enterprises from the steel, cement, and aluminum sectors, focusing on those with annual greenhouse gas emissions of 26,000 tons of CO2 equivalent [2] - It establishes a unified management system for emissions across various industries, enhancing the carbon pricing mechanism and encouraging companies to prioritize carbon management [2] - The plan outlines a multi-layered and differentiated collaborative control model for direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions, integrating the carbon trading market with renewable energy and green certificate markets [2] Group 3: Data Management and Monitoring - The plan emphasizes improving carbon emission accounting standards and data governance, requiring enterprises to conduct high-quality measurements of key parameters and explore online monitoring technologies [3] - It mandates monthly verification of key parameters by major emission units and implements a three-tier data quality audit system to enhance transparency and reliability in the carbon trading market [3] Group 4: Allocation of Carbon Quotas - The plan details a phased approach to carbon quota allocation for the steel, cement, and aluminum industries, with the 2024 quota based on verified actual emissions, avoiding compliance costs for enterprises [4] - Future quotas for 2025 and 2026 will be determined based on carbon intensity, with a focus on minimizing the impact on normal business operations [4] - The plan aims to gradually tighten total quota limits to facilitate the transition of these industries towards green and low-carbon practices [4] Group 5: Recommendations for Policy Enhancement - The plan suggests establishing a long-term management mechanism for carbon emissions rights, gradually reducing annual quota totals while ensuring alignment with industry development stages [5][6] - It advocates for the integration of various policies to promote the collaborative development of carbon and electricity markets, enhancing the market's overall effectiveness [6]