适应雨林？古人类混血？东南亚人群基因组被破译

Core Insights - The "Southeast Asian Population Genomics Project" has achieved a milestone breakthrough in the field of genomic research over a span of 10 years, revealing the genetic evolution mysteries of Southeast Asian populations [1] - The project, led by the Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, involved collaboration with 34 domestic and international research teams [1] - The research has produced the most comprehensive genomic dataset for Southeast Asian populations, known as SEA3K, through the collection of samples from over 30 ethnic groups across six countries [1] Group 1 - The project has successfully completed whole-genome deep sequencing of 3,023 samples, providing significant insights into the genetic diversity of Southeast Asian populations [1] - The study revealed how ancient population differentiation, mixing, adaptation, and gene flow from archaic humans have influenced the genetic makeup of these populations [1] - Notably, the research identified three instances of Denisovan gene flow into Southeast Asian populations, redefining the geographical boundaries of prehistoric human evolution [1] Group 2 - The team discovered unique genetic mutations in Southeast Asian populations that enable adaptation to tropical environments, such as skin pigmentation regulation and reduced reactions to mosquito bites [1] - The project has officially launched its second phase, aiming to construct a high-resolution genomic map covering a population of 10,000 across Southeast Asia [1][2]