从“反核”到解禁，核能为何在欧洲复活？

Core Viewpoint - European countries are showing renewed interest in nuclear energy, reversing previous opposition due to the energy crisis and the need for stable energy sources [1][3][5] Group 1: Legislative and Policy Changes - Belgium's parliament voted 108 to 8 to abandon its nuclear phase-out plan, indicating a significant policy shift [1] - Denmark is considering breaking a 40-year nuclear energy ban, with the climate minister stating that solar and wind energy alone cannot support the electricity system [1][3] - The European Commission agreed to include existing nuclear power plants in electricity market reforms, allowing governments to apply for contracts to extend their operational lifespan [3] Group 2: Public Opinion and Support - A January poll showed that 55% of Danes support ending the nuclear ban, up from 46% in 2022, while only 27% wish to maintain it [3] - In Germany, 55% of the population supports nuclear energy, with 32% favoring the construction of new reactors [3] Group 3: Industry Developments - France is committed to extending the lifespan of its reactors and developing new European Pressurized Reactors (EPR) [1][3] - The UK and France have agreed to extend the operational life of existing reactors, with the UK simplifying the construction process for small modular reactors (SMRs) [5] - Czech Republic plans to increase the number of reactors from one to four by 2040, while Poland is set to build six SMRs [5] Group 4: Nuclear Energy and AI Demand - The demand for nuclear energy is being supported by the growth of data centers, with a projected increase in electricity demand of over 160% by 2030 [6][7] - Major tech companies like Google and Amazon are investing in advanced nuclear energy projects to meet their energy needs [6][7] - AI's growth is expected to require an additional 50 GW of power by 2027, equivalent to about 50 new nuclear power plants [7]