张文宏团队最新成果，有望将结核病预防性治疗周期缩短2/3

Core Viewpoint - A new short-course preventive treatment for tuberculosis (TB) in China, known as the 1H3P3 regimen, shows promise in reducing treatment duration and side effects compared to the WHO-recommended 3HP regimen, potentially improving patient adherence and outcomes [1][4][5]. Group 1: Research Background - The study was initiated by Professor Zhang Wenhong's team and published in the journal Emerging Microbes & Infections, focusing on the efficacy and safety of the 1H3P3 regimen for TB prevention in silicosis patients [2]. - Traditional TB preventive treatments have long durations and significant side effects, leading to poor patient compliance, which affects their effectiveness and coverage [1][3]. Group 2: Treatment Comparison - The WHO recommends several treatment regimens, including a 6-9 month isoniazid monotherapy and a 3-month isoniazid plus rifapentine (3HP) regimen, but the latter has shown higher adverse reaction rates in Chinese populations [3][4]. - The 1H3P3 regimen consists of rifapentine (450mg) and isoniazid (400mg) administered three times a week for four weeks, aiming to reduce single-dose side effects and improve adherence [4][5]. Group 3: Study Results - The study included 238 participants, with only 2.5% diagnosed with active TB after three years, indicating a significant reduction in TB incidence compared to the 3HP regimen [5][6]. - The 1H3P3 regimen demonstrated a 74% reduction in the risk of developing active TB, with a treatment completion rate of 92%, significantly higher than the 54.7% completion rate for the 3HP regimen [6][7]. Group 4: Future Directions - The research team plans to conduct further studies on the 1H3P3 regimen in broader high-risk populations, including close contacts of TB patients, and aims to develop a combination formulation to simplify treatment [7][8]. - There is a need for increased government investment and collaboration across sectors to enhance public awareness and acceptance of TB preventive treatments [8].