专栏丨英欧从“冰冷决绝”到“抱团取暖”的历史轮回

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the dramatic shift in UK-EU relations from a cold separation to a cooperative approach, marked by a series of agreements reached during their first formal post-Brexit summit [1][2] - The agreements cover multiple sectors including defense, fisheries, and trade, indicating a transition from "cutting" to "stitching" the relationship back together [2] - In the food trade sector, the removal of routine border checks on animal products is expected to contribute nearly £900 million annually to the UK economy [2] Group 2 - The defense procurement agreement allows UK participation in a €150 billion EU joint defense procurement plan, which includes military support for Ukraine, thus opening new markets for UK defense companies [2] - The compromise on fisheries extends the permission for EU fishing vessels to operate in UK waters until 2038, reflecting a willingness to negotiate on contentious issues [2] - The establishment of a cross-border work and living mechanism for young people aims to ease post-Brexit border issues, addressing long wait times at customs [2] Group 3 - The recent thaw in UK-EU relations is driven by bilateral interests but also reflects deeper geopolitical shifts, particularly the impact of US policy changes on transatlantic relations [3] - The unilateral actions of the US during the Russia-Ukraine conflict have left the UK and EU feeling abandoned, prompting a push for greater defense autonomy and cooperation [3] - Economic pressures from US tariffs on EU steel and aluminum have forced the UK and EU to set aside differences and collaborate to mitigate external risks [3] Group 4 - The historical context of UK-EU relations reveals a complex interplay of cooperation and estrangement over the past 80 years, with significant events like the Iraq War and the Eurozone crisis exposing vulnerabilities in the UK's "bridge" role [4] - The aftermath of Brexit has seen the UK economy suffer, with GDP contraction and inflation, leading to a reassessment of the "Global Britain" strategy and a pragmatic shift towards limited cooperation with the EU [4] - The current agreements signify a "selective return" to EU rules in exchange for market access, marking a departure from the idealistic "Global Britain" vision towards a more realistic approach [4] Group 5 - Despite the renewed closeness, structural contradictions remain, with domestic political challenges in the UK complicating the government's ability to navigate between pro-EU sentiments and Brexit commitments [5] - Unresolved issues such as Northern Ireland trade arrangements and Gibraltar sovereignty disputes continue to pose risks for future relations [5] - The geographical proximity and economic interdependence between the UK and EU suggest that practical cooperation will ultimately prevail over political rhetoric, indicating a potential future re-engagement with the EU [5]