欧美关税谈判僵持 欧盟经济面临多重压力

Group 1 - The current confrontational trade policy stance of the US government is slowing down tariff negotiations between the US and Europe, exacerbating global trade fragmentation and weak external demand, which poses severe challenges to the already fragile European economic recovery [1] - The EU is willing to make concessions in purchasing US natural gas, weapons, and agricultural products but will not accept US demands regarding the cancellation of VAT, weakening digital regulation and taxation, or lowering food standards [2] - The US continues to impose a 25% tariff on EU steel and aluminum products and maintains a 10% "baseline tariff" on almost all other goods, threatening additional tariffs on pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, copper, wood, critical minerals, and aerospace components [2] Group 2 - The uncertainty of US trade policies is severely impacting key European industries such as automotive and pharmaceuticals, with nearly half of the EU's exports to the US in 2024 coming from these sectors [3] - Major European automotive companies like Stellantis and Mercedes-Benz have canceled their performance forecasts for the year, citing potential impacts on operating profits, cash flow, and profit margins due to ongoing trade barriers [3] - A recent internal survey by the European Pharmaceutical Industry Association indicates that ongoing tariff threats could lead to a shift of R&D and production from Europe to the US, with potential investments of €165 billion at risk in the next three months alone [4] Group 3 - Weak external demand and uncertainty surrounding US tariffs are undermining market confidence and deepening concerns about global trade fragmentation and the growth outlook for the European economy [5] - The European Commission has significantly downgraded its economic growth forecasts for the EU, predicting a GDP growth of 1.1% in 2025, down from previous estimates, due to the adverse effects of US trade policies [6] - The EU must take decisive action to enhance competitiveness and internal market integration to mitigate the negative impacts of US trade policy uncertainty on consumer and investment confidence [6]