提升城市安全韧性是一项系统工程

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the urgent need to enhance urban safety resilience in the face of increasing extreme weather events and urban expansion challenges, as outlined in the recent government policy document aimed at creating "livable, resilient, and smart cities" [1][2]. Infrastructure Challenges - Many cities in China face significant infrastructure shortcomings, with public pipeline networks averaging over 30 years of use, and some exceeding 40 years, leading to frequent urban flooding during heavy rains [1][2]. - The drainage systems are under severe strain, posing risks to public safety during extreme weather events [1]. Planning and Layout Issues - Urban development has often prioritized economic growth over scientific and forward-looking urban planning, resulting in high-density old districts that hinder ventilation and increase disaster risks [2]. - Poor zoning practices, such as the proximity of chemical plants to residential areas, exacerbate safety hazards [2]. Emergency Management System - Current emergency management systems in some cities are inadequate, lacking targeted and practical emergency plans, and often failing to engage citizens in safety awareness and management [2][3]. - There is a need for a comprehensive emergency management framework that integrates various departments and resources [4]. Systematic Approach to Resilience - Enhancing urban safety resilience requires a systematic approach involving infrastructure optimization, planning reconstruction, mechanism innovation, resource integration, and social mobilization [2][3]. - The recent policy document outlines eight key tasks and six supporting measures to create a comprehensive governance framework for urban resilience [3]. Technological Integration - A dual approach of "hardware upgrades + digital empowerment" is necessary, including the construction of smart infrastructure and the implementation of digital twin systems for real-time risk assessment [3][4]. - Examples include Shenzhen's smart pipeline system, which significantly reduces response times to infrastructure failures [3]. Community Engagement and Public Participation - Increasing public participation in urban safety management is crucial, with innovative methods such as experiential learning and incentive-based participation mechanisms being proposed [5]. - Initiatives like community emergency response training and public awareness campaigns can enhance community resilience [5]. Conclusion - The construction of resilient cities requires a balance between institutional design, practical innovation, technological empowerment, and community involvement, aiming to create urban environments that can withstand various challenges [5].