十七年解码“小薇”的秘密

Core Viewpoint - The development of a new dwarf rice variety named "Xiao Wei" has achieved a yield of 410 kilograms per mu, demonstrating significant potential in rice cultivation and breeding [1][4]. Group 1: Research and Development - The research team at the China Rice Research Institute focuses on both normal and atypical rice phenotypes to unlock genetic secrets, utilizing molecular biology to enhance breeding techniques [2][3]. - The discovery of "Xiao Wei" stemmed from a 17-year effort involving gene mutation and hybridization, aiming to create a rice plant that can thrive in limited space while maintaining yield [2][3]. Group 2: Genetic Improvement - "Xiao Wei" initially had several deficiencies, including weak stems and underdeveloped grains, which required extensive genetic optimization to achieve its current form [3]. - The research process involves numerous mutation experiments and hybridization efforts, with a typical rice lifecycle taking 4 to 5 months and requiring at least six generations for trait stabilization [3][4]. Group 3: Broader Impact and Collaboration - The genetic resources of "Xiao Wei" have been shared with over 100 agricultural research institutions across China, fostering collaboration to explore its full potential [4]. - The ongoing efforts in rice breeding are supported by a significant collection of over 80,000 genetic resources stored in low-temperature facilities, which serve as a vital repository for research and development [5].