科普｜消化内镜医生：肠癌早筛需摒弃“有症状再查”错误观念

Core Viewpoint - The importance of early screening for colorectal cancer is emphasized, as early-stage detection significantly increases survival rates, while late-stage diagnosis drastically reduces them [1][4]. Group 1: Colorectal Cancer Statistics - In 2022, China reported 517,100 new cases of colorectal cancer and 240,000 deaths, ranking second in incidence and fourth in mortality among all cancers [1]. - The five-year survival rate for early-stage colorectal cancer (limited to the mucosal layer) can exceed 90%, while for advanced-stage cancer, the survival rate drops to below 30% [1][4]. Group 2: Screening Recommendations - Early-stage colorectal cancer and precancerous conditions like polyps can be asymptomatic, leading to misconceptions about cancer risk based on the absence of symptoms [2][4]. - It is recommended that men begin screening with colonoscopy at age 40 and women at age 45, with those having a family history starting 10 to 20 years earlier [4]. Group 3: Follow-up and Monitoring - The frequency of follow-up examinations after detecting polyps depends on the number, location, and severity of the polyps, with low-risk individuals recommended to undergo follow-up every 3 to 5 years [5]. - For high-risk individuals, such as those with advanced polyps, follow-up should occur every 1 to 2 years [5].