数千只濒危鸟类为何重返黄土高原

Core Viewpoint - China's ambitious ecological restoration projects have transformed the Loess Plateau, previously one of the most severely degraded areas, leading to a significant return of endangered bird species as a testament to ecological balance restoration [1][2] Group 1: Ecological Restoration Efforts - The Chinese government initiated the "Grain for Green" program at the end of the 20th century to combat desertification and restore ecosystems, resulting in over 30,000 square kilometers of rain-fed farmland being converted to forests or grasslands by 2016 [1] - Vegetation coverage increased by 25% over a decade, with the forest and grassland coverage on the Loess Plateau rising from 31.6% in 1999 to 67% in 2020, marking a historic transformation from barren to green [1] Group 2: Biodiversity and Wildlife Return - The restoration efforts have not only reduced soil erosion but also gradually restored biodiversity, with a significant number of bird species returning to the region, indicating the success of the ecological project [2] - As of 2024, data recorded 2,852 animals representing 69 different species in the area, showcasing the positive impact of artificial reforestation on nesting species and the stabilization of the local ecosystem [2] Group 3: Symbolic Species and Ecological Impact - In October 2023, 40 captive-bred Crested Ibis, a species once on the brink of extinction in China, were released back into the Loess Plateau, symbolizing China's commitment to species conservation [2] - The returning bird populations play a crucial role in stabilizing the plateau's ecosystem by aiding in seed dispersal, which accelerates natural vegetation regeneration [2]