美国软实力面临削弱与解构风险

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses how Trump's understanding of power is limited to coercion and transactional relationships, which is undermining the United States' global influence, particularly its soft power, due to rising unilateralism, trade protectionism, and cultural conservatism [1][10]. Group 1: Impact on Scientific Research - Trump's administration has significantly reduced funding for scientific research, with the National Science Foundation's new project funding dropping nearly 50% compared to the previous year, particularly affecting engineering, education, and computer science [2][4]. - Major research institutions like the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation have had to implement large-scale layoffs due to funding cuts, with NIH terminating support for over 700 research projects in just one month [4][9]. - The Trump administration's focus on "useful research" has led to a decline in support for basic research, which is crucial for long-term scientific advancement, indicating a shift towards a more utilitarian view of science [3][5]. Group 2: Higher Education and Cultural Tensions - The Trump administration has pressured universities to reform their diversity initiatives and has threatened funding cuts, leading to significant financial repercussions for institutions like Harvard and Princeton [7][8]. - A survey indicated that approximately 75% of American researchers are considering leaving the U.S. due to the uncertain policy environment and funding cuts, highlighting a potential brain drain [4][5]. - The conflict between Trump's administration and universities reflects a broader cultural clash between conservative and progressive values, with implications for academic freedom and the future of higher education in the U.S. [6][8]. Group 3: International Relations and Soft Power - Trump's "America First" policy has led to a departure from multilateralism, with the U.S. becoming the least supportive country of multilateralism among 193 UN member states [10][12]. - The administration's aggressive trade policies and withdrawal from international agreements have strained relationships with allies and reduced the U.S.'s global standing [11][13]. - Trump's approach has resulted in a significant decline in the U.S.'s soft power, as countries reassess their relationships with the U.S. and become more cautious in their engagements [12][13].