英国宣布全面转向“战备状态” 此时重提核威慑有何背景？

Group 1 - The UK government, led by Prime Minister Starmer, announced a shift to a "war readiness" state, with a focus on modernizing defense capabilities at "wartime speed" [1] - An additional investment of £15 billion will be made in the nuclear deterrent system, including the construction of 12 new attack submarines, and enhancements in long-range strike and cyber warfare capabilities [1] - The move has garnered significant attention and is seen as a response to the complex and evolving international security landscape, particularly in light of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and tensions in the Middle East and Asia-Pacific regions [2] Group 2 - The UK aims to expand its international influence and maintain its status as a global power, especially after the perceived decline in its international standing post-Brexit [2] - Domestically, the government seeks to address political and economic challenges, using national security as a core pillar of its reform agenda to unite various factions and boost public support [4] - The military-industrial sector is expected to drive economic growth and create jobs, leveraging the defense initiatives to stimulate the economy [4] Group 3 - Significant challenges exist in achieving these defense goals, particularly financial constraints due to economic difficulties and the need for substantial investment in submarine construction [5][7] - Technological limitations pose another hurdle, as the UK has historically relied on US support for advanced military technology and may struggle with independent innovation [7] - Political support within Parliament is crucial for the submarine program, and there are concerns about the effectiveness of the UK's nuclear deterrent in the current geopolitical context [7]