都市车界|探究新能源电池寿命之谜：“8年报废”之说是真是假？

Core Viewpoint - The notion that electric vehicle batteries must be discarded after eight years is a misunderstanding, as battery lifespan is influenced by various factors including usage patterns and environmental conditions [7][12]. Group 1: Warranty and Battery Lifespan - Different brands have varying warranty periods for electric vehicles, with some offering lifetime warranties for key components like batteries [2][5]. - The mandatory warranty for batteries is at least 8 years or 120,000 kilometers, but this does not guarantee that the battery will fail after this period [5][7]. - Battery performance typically declines over time, affecting the overall driving experience, and replacement costs can be significant [4][6]. Group 2: Factors Affecting Battery Life - Battery lifespan is determined by multiple factors, including charge cycles, calendar life, and environmental conditions [7][8]. - Current lithium-ion batteries can last approximately 10 to 20 years under normal usage conditions, with three types of lithium batteries having different cycle counts [7][8]. - Poor usage habits, such as frequent overcharging or exposure to extreme temperatures, can accelerate battery degradation [8][12]. Group 3: Second-Hand Market Impact - The condition of the battery significantly affects the resale value of electric vehicles, with older models often valued at only 20% of their original price due to battery performance decline [9]. - Early electric vehicle models may exhibit more pronounced battery degradation, leading to cautious evaluations by second-hand dealers [9]. Group 4: Battery Replacement Indicators - Signs that a battery may need replacement include rapid loss of charge, inability to reach full capacity, and significant reductions in driving range [10][11]. - Regular health checks and monitoring of battery performance are recommended to ensure longevity and performance [11]. Group 5: Best Practices for Battery Maintenance - Maintaining battery charge between 20% and 80% and minimizing fast charging can extend battery life [11][12]. - Temperature management is crucial, with recommendations for insulation in cold climates and avoiding immediate charging after exposure to heat [12].