【环时深度】利益分歧，美大学与政府矛盾逐渐累积

Group 1 - The article discusses the historical significance of American universities as a source of soft power and international influence, highlighting their role in educating future global leaders and generating economic benefits for the U.S. [1][3] - The number of international students in U.S. higher education has surged, reaching 1.1 million in the 2023-2024 academic year, with significant contributions to the economy, totaling nearly $44 billion [3][4]. - States with high concentrations of international students, such as California, Texas, and Massachusetts, have seen substantial economic benefits, with contributions of approximately $64 billion, $25 billion, and $39 billion respectively [3][4]. Group 2 - The article notes a growing discontent among the American public regarding elite education, with only 36% expressing confidence in higher education, a significant drop from 57% in 2015 [5]. - The rise of for-profit colleges has led to increased student debt and dissatisfaction, as many students struggle to graduate or find suitable employment [5][12]. - The tension between universities and the government has escalated, particularly in the context of immigration policies and the perception of universities as "leftist strongholds" [12][14]. Group 3 - The article highlights the cultural and ideological divide between elite universities and the general public, with a growing "anti-elite" sentiment emerging in American society [6][8]. - The admissions process at elite institutions has been criticized for favoring wealthy applicants, with data showing that students from the top 1% of income earners have a significantly higher chance of admission [8][9]. - The article discusses the implications of these disparities, suggesting that educational background has become a core issue in political divisions within the U.S. [8][9]. Group 4 - The article outlines the historical context of the relationship between U.S. universities and the government, noting that post-9/11 policies have tightened immigration controls affecting international students [12][13]. - It mentions specific actions taken by the Trump administration that further restricted international student access, including travel bans and tax reforms targeting universities [13][14]. - The ongoing conflict between government and universities reflects deeper societal issues, including class conflict and a crisis of trust in higher education [14].