对话亚洲开发银行气候变化和可持续发展局局长：亚太地区如何在气候危机中实现可持续转型？

Core Viewpoint - The Asia-Pacific region, contributing over half of global greenhouse gas emissions, faces significant environmental challenges due to climate change, necessitating a balance between economic growth and climate action [1][2][3]. Group 1: Climate Impact and Strategic Focus - The Asia-Pacific region is highly vulnerable to natural disasters linked to climate change, which severely impacts communities and undermines poverty reduction efforts [2][3]. - The Asian Development Bank (ADB) prioritizes climate action as one of its five strategic focus areas, collaborating with developing member countries to achieve climate goals through mitigation and adaptation [1][2]. Group 2: Sector-Specific Decarbonization Efforts - ADB supports deep decarbonization in energy, transportation, agriculture, and building sectors, promoting low-carbon transitions and climate-resilient infrastructure [3][4]. - In the energy sector, ADB's Energy Transition Mechanism (ETM) facilitates the early retirement or repurposing of coal-fired power plants, enhancing investments in clean energy [3][4][11]. - ADB's transportation strategy focuses on developing low-carbon multimodal transport systems and enhancing the climate resilience of transport infrastructure [4][12]. Group 3: Successful Project Examples - ADB's air quality improvement project in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region reduced PM2.5 concentrations by 40% and avoided 5 million tons of CO₂ emissions annually, mobilizing $1.5 billion in commercial co-financing [6][15]. - The solar power project in Uzbekistan, involving a 100 MW grid-connected solar photovoltaic plant, serves as a model for private sector participation in renewable energy, increasing domestic renewable energy supply and creating jobs [7][16]. Group 4: Balancing Economic Growth and Environmental Protection - ADB employs a structured approach to balance economic growth with environmental protection in project investment decisions, ensuring alignment with development and environmental goals [8][17]. - All ADB projects undergo climate risk screening to assess vulnerability to climate change and integrate resilience-building measures into design and financing [8][17].