东莞1例输入性疟疾确诊，15年无本地病例输入风险仍要防

Core Viewpoint - The successful rescue of a severe case of African imported cerebral malaria at Dongguan's Ninth People's Hospital highlights the ongoing need for vigilance in malaria prevention and control, despite Dongguan having no local malaria cases for 15 consecutive years [1][3]. Group 1: Case Details - A man returning from Africa developed cerebral malaria, presenting with severe symptoms including high fever (40.0°C), altered consciousness, and significant drops in blood platelet and hemoglobin levels (hemoglobin from 138 g/L to 83 g/L, platelets from 159×10^9/L to 16×10^9/L) [2]. - The medical team initiated immediate treatment with artesunate to eliminate the malaria parasites, and after intensive care, the patient improved and was discharged after 7 days [2]. - Cerebral malaria can lead to multi-organ failure within 72 hours, with high mortality rates if not treated promptly [2]. Group 2: Malaria Prevention Efforts - Dongguan has not reported any local malaria cases since 2010 and passed provincial malaria elimination assessments in 2018, but the risk of imported cases remains high due to increased trade and travel with malaria-endemic regions [3]. - In 2023, Dongguan's Ninth People's Hospital alone treated over 10 cases of imported malaria, all linked to travel in high-risk areas [3]. - The Dongguan CDC emphasizes the importance of immediate medical attention for anyone returning from Africa or Southeast Asia who develops a fever within one month [4]. Group 3: Public Health Strategies - The Dongguan CDC employs a "monitoring - prevention - education" model to strengthen malaria prevention and control, focusing on case management and vector monitoring [4]. - Regular training sessions are conducted to enhance the diagnostic and treatment capabilities of malaria prevention teams [4]. - Public awareness campaigns utilize various media to educate the community about malaria prevention, aiming to foster a collective effort in malaria elimination [4].