当零售巨头转嫁成本成为常态：中小企业如何利用供应链变革破局

Group 1: Industry Response to Policy Changes - The implementation of the "Regulations on Ensuring Payment to Small and Medium Enterprises" has prompted numerous automotive companies to unify payment terms to suppliers within 60 days, including major players like GAC Group, BYD, and NIO [1] - This collective action reflects a shift in the automotive industry from "price competition" to "ecosystem co-construction," which is crucial for alleviating supplier operational pressures and promoting overall industry chain upgrades [1] Group 2: Challenges Faced by Small and Medium Enterprises - The retail sector is experiencing a significant transformation, but the imbalance in profit distribution along the supply chain is increasingly evident, with major retailers imposing price reductions and extended payment terms on small suppliers [1] - The pressure from large retailers has led to severe profit reductions for small enterprises, with reports indicating that some companies have seen profits drop by over 40% due to tariff-related issues [2] - The reliance on low margins in basic industrial products makes small enterprises particularly vulnerable to the pricing pressures exerted by large retailers, forcing them into a position of helplessness [2] Group 3: Supply Chain Dynamics and Risks - The relationship between retailers and suppliers has become strained, with large retailers transferring tariff costs entirely to Chinese suppliers, creating a "double squeeze" effect [3] - The long payment terms set by large retailers can lead to significant cash flow issues for suppliers, as evidenced by the average accounts receivable period for large industrial enterprises reaching 64.1 days [4] - The practices of large retailers, such as imposing unilateral trading terms and hidden costs, further entrench their market dominance and exacerbate the challenges faced by small suppliers [5] Group 4: Pathways to Resolution - Recent policy initiatives, including the new payment regulations, aim to enhance the efficiency of accounts receivable for small enterprises and mitigate cash flow difficulties [6] - The development of industry clusters and collaborative strategies among small enterprises can improve bargaining power and reduce costs, as demonstrated by successful examples in regions like Zhejiang and Guangdong [7] - Technological advancements, including industrial internet and AI, are crucial for transforming supply chain collaboration and enhancing operational efficiency for small enterprises [8]