综述丨联合国海洋大会为全球海洋治理提出方案

Core Viewpoint - The third United Nations Ocean Conference held in Nice, France, from June 9 to 13, proposed the "Nice Ocean Action Plan" to address global ocean governance issues, particularly focusing on marine biodiversity protection [1][2]. Group 1: Ocean Governance and Biodiversity - The conference addressed critical issues such as overfishing, climate change impacts, and unsustainable resource management [1]. - The "Nice Ocean Action Plan" consists of a political declaration calling for specific actions, including expanding marine protected areas, decarbonizing the shipping industry, addressing ocean pollution, and funding for vulnerable coastal and island regions [1]. - As of June 13, 136 countries, regions, and organizations signed the agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, with 50 already ratifying it, nearing the target of 60 [2]. Group 2: Climate Change and International Cooperation - Ocean governance is deemed crucial for global climate governance, with the ocean carbon sink being 20 times larger than terrestrial carbon sinks and 50 times larger than atmospheric carbon [3]. - The conference highlighted the importance of multilateralism in addressing global challenges such as climate change and rising sea levels, with China being recognized for its contributions to ocean governance [3]. - Participants emphasized the need for international cooperation in protecting the planet, with calls for all nations to collaborate rather than act unilaterally [3].