镜观·回响｜山水林田湖草沙综合治理的北疆实践

Core Viewpoint - China is one of the countries most severely affected by desertification, and the government has been actively addressing this issue through various ecological protection initiatives [1][5]. Group 1: Ecological Protection Efforts - Inner Mongolia is a key battleground for desertification prevention, with significant directives from President Xi Jinping to build a green Great Wall in the northern regions [5]. - The region has implemented integrated protection strategies for mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, strengthening comprehensive desertification control [9]. - The Helan Mountain Nature Reserve has seen an increase in wildlife, with 75 species of nationally protected animals, including 13 species of first-class protection [10]. Group 2: Specific Projects and Achievements - The Uliangsuhai wetland, the largest lake wetland in the Yellow River basin, has undergone ecological restoration since 2018, improving biodiversity and water quality [11]. - The Xinhua Forest Farm, part of the "Three-North" shelter forest system, has transformed from a desertification area to a green space, providing a protective barrier for surrounding farmland [13]. - The Kubuqi Desert has achieved an 80% governance rate, with a vegetation coverage of 58% [17]. Group 3: Renewable Energy and Ecological Synergy - A solar power project in the Ulan Buh Desert is designed to integrate photovoltaic energy generation with ecological restoration, expected to generate 2 billion kWh of green electricity annually [18]. - The project aims to combat desertification while providing renewable energy, showcasing a model of "photovoltaic desertification control" [18]. Group 4: Agricultural and Irrigation Developments - The Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia is a significant agricultural area, irrigating over 11 million acres with water from the Yellow River, recognized as a World Irrigation Heritage site [22].