同济大学刘虎沉：增强制造业绿色发展内生动力

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government has approved the "Manufacturing Green Low-Carbon Development Action Plan (2025-2027)", emphasizing the necessity of advancing green low-carbon development in the manufacturing sector as a strategic imperative for global economic transformation and industrial competitiveness [1] Group 1: Achievements in Green Manufacturing - The supply capacity of green products in China's manufacturing sector has steadily improved, with green factories expected to account for over 20% of total manufacturing output by 2024, and energy and water consumption reaching advanced industry levels [2] - In 2024, China's production and sales of new energy vehicles reached 12.888 million and 12.866 million units, respectively, maintaining a global leadership position [2] - The photovoltaic industry has seen significant growth, with exports of photovoltaic cells and components increasing by over 40% and 12%, respectively, contributing to the ongoing optimization of the industrial structure towards green low-carbon [2] Group 2: Promotion of Green Low-Carbon Technologies - In 2024, China published the "National Energy-Saving and Carbon Reduction Technology Equipment Recommendation Directory", which includes technologies for energy-saving and carbon reduction across various industrial sectors [3] - A total of 47 advanced green low-carbon technology demonstration projects were selected, focusing on carbon reduction at various stages, providing practical examples for promoting green low-carbon technologies [3] - The establishment of a green manufacturing supply chain system is underway, with 1,382 new national green factories and 123 green industrial parks cultivated in 2024 [3] Group 3: Challenges in Green Manufacturing Development - Core technology innovation in green manufacturing remains insufficient, with challenges in high-end equipment development and reliance on foreign technologies, leading to risks in the supply chain [4] - Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face slow green transformation due to limited resources and high financing costs, hindering their ability to invest in green technologies [5] - There is a significant regional imbalance in green manufacturing development, with eastern regions outperforming western regions in terms of technology and resource utilization [6] Group 4: Strategic Recommendations for Green Manufacturing - A comprehensive top-level design for green manufacturing development is needed, including financial and policy support to lower financing barriers for SMEs [7] - Establishing a green low-carbon technology innovation system is crucial, focusing on key areas and promoting collaboration between industry and academia to enhance technology transfer [8] - Developing green low-carbon industrial clusters by leveraging the strengths of eastern and western regions can help balance regional development and enhance overall competitiveness [8]