经验少、成本高、难度大 工业脱碳技术如何“闯关”

Core Viewpoint - The industrial sector is the primary area for energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in China, accounting for approximately 68% of the country's carbon emissions, making decarbonization in this sector crucial for achieving the "dual carbon" goals [1][2] Summary by Sections Industrial Decarbonization Importance - The industrial sector's decarbonization is vital for meeting China's carbon neutrality targets, with a potential reduction of carbon emissions to 450 million tons by 2060, representing a 95% decrease from 2025 levels [1][6] Challenges in Innovation and Commercialization - The report highlights that over 35% of technologies capable of contributing to climate goals have not yet been commercialized globally, indicating significant challenges in the industrial decarbonization process [1][2] - Key technologies such as raw material substitution, waste recycling, electrification, hydrogen substitution, and carbon capture and storage (CCUS) can collectively contribute nearly 80% of the industrial emission reduction potential [2][3] Need for Tailored Solutions - Experts emphasize the necessity of customized approaches for different industrial sectors, as high carbon-emitting industries like steel, cement, and petrochemicals have unique production processes and emission characteristics [4] - A balance between technological evolution and economic feasibility is essential for advancing low-carbon technologies [4] Pathway to Decarbonization - The timeline for industrial decarbonization is outlined, with significant advancements expected in low-carbon process technologies from 2025 to 2035, followed by disruptive technologies from 2035 to 2050, and deep application of carbon removal technologies like CCUS from 2050 to 2060 [6][7] Recommendations for Accelerating Technology Deployment - The report suggests four key areas for breakthroughs: 1. Accelerating the planning and deployment of major carbon neutrality projects in key industrial sectors [7] 2. Enhancing the role of carbon markets and carbon finance in incentivizing industrial decarbonization [7] 3. Establishing technology-specific initiatives to promote research and demonstration of common carbon neutrality technologies [7] 4. Creating a supportive fiscal and tax policy framework to stimulate market activity for carbon neutrality technologies [7]