炎炎夏日如何科学防暑？慢性病患者怎样安全度夏？——国家卫生健康委回应关切

Core Viewpoint - The National Health Commission of China addresses health concerns related to high temperatures and provides guidance on how to cope with the summer heat, especially for chronic disease patients and the elderly [1] Group 1: Scientific Heat Prevention - During the summer solstice, the body is prone to issues like irritability, insomnia, and loss of appetite due to high temperatures [2] - It is recommended to consume bitter foods like bitter melon and lotus seed heart to clear heat, while avoiding excessive cold foods [2] - Exercise should be done in the early morning or evening to avoid high temperatures, with gentle activities like brisk walking and Tai Chi being preferred [2] - Proper sun protection is essential; balance is needed between avoiding UV damage and ensuring exposure to natural sunlight for vitamin D synthesis [2] Group 2: Laborer Health Precautions - Workers exposed to high temperatures, such as delivery personnel and construction workers, should focus on hydration and wear light, breathable clothing [3] - It is crucial to take breaks in shaded areas and seek medical attention if symptoms of heatstroke occur [3] Group 3: Disease Prevention and Early Warning - The risk of cardiovascular diseases increases with rising temperatures, particularly for the elderly [4] - Symptoms like sudden dizziness or chest discomfort should prompt immediate medical attention [4] - Patients with hypertension and diabetes need to manage hydration carefully and follow medication schedules [4] - To prevent gastrointestinal issues, it is advised to avoid drinking untreated water and ensure food hygiene [4] Group 4: Emotional Well-being of the Elderly - High temperatures can lead to emotional fluctuations in the elderly, potentially manifesting as physical complaints without clear medical causes [5] - Family members should monitor the mental health of elderly individuals and seek professional help if symptoms of depression are observed [6] - Encouraging outdoor activities and reducing screen time can help mitigate emotional distress and physical ailments related to prolonged device use [6]