一群年轻人参与拯救“失声”的满语

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the decline of the Manchu language, its historical significance, and ongoing efforts to preserve and study it, highlighting the role of young researchers in this field [1][2][3]. Group 1: Current Status of Manchu Language - The Manchu language is considered a "dead" language, with only a small percentage of the Manchu population able to speak it fluently [2]. - A survey conducted in a predominantly Manchu area revealed that only 10% of youth aged 7 to 20 could understand basic phrases, while 90% could neither understand nor speak the language [2]. - Despite its decline in daily use, the Manchu language remains valuable for historical research, as it includes both spoken and written forms [2][3]. Group 2: Historical Significance and Research - Manchu documents from the Qing Dynasty are abundant and serve as crucial historical resources, documenting governance and diplomatic affairs [2][3]. - The study of these documents helps fill gaps in historical records and provides evidence for understanding ethnic relations and national sovereignty [3]. Group 3: Research Initiatives and Academic Development - The Heilongjiang University Manchu Studies Institute is actively involved in preserving the language through field research and digitalization of language resources [5][6]. - The institute has developed a comprehensive training program for students at the undergraduate, master's, and doctoral levels, making it the only institution in China with such a structure [6][10]. - Recent support from the government has led to an increase in funding and interest in Manchu studies, with five national social science fund projects awarded last year [6]. Group 4: Engagement of Young Researchers - Young researchers, such as doctoral student Han Yumo, are leading projects to digitize and structure endangered language materials, including Manchu [5][6]. - The institute encourages student engagement through innovative teaching methods, such as incorporating cultural elements like Manchu riddles and songs into the curriculum [7][8]. - Students express growing interest in the language and its historical context, with many finding the study of Manchu increasingly rewarding [8][9].