国联民生证券：关注电新各板块新技术、供需反转等结构性机会

Group 1: Lithium Battery Sector - The demand for lithium batteries is strong, with a cumulative installation of 184.3 GWh from January to April 2025, representing a year-on-year growth of 52.8% [1] - Upstream material prices are at historical lows, and profitability is also low, which may accelerate the clearing process, with continued strong demand expected in the second half of 2025 [1] - Solid-state battery technology is anticipated to lead a new round of material system updates due to its significant advantages in safety and energy density, with applications expected in consumer batteries, eVTOL, and new energy vehicles [1] Group 2: AIDC and Energy Storage - In Q1 2025, the combined capital expenditure of four major overseas cloud vendors reached approximately $71.9 billion, a year-on-year increase of about 62%, while domestic companies Alibaba and Tencent's capital expenditure totaled approximately 52.1 billion yuan, up 112% [2] - The energy storage sector is expected to see steady growth in installed capacity domestically, with high-margin demand in the large-scale energy storage markets in Europe and the U.S., and emerging markets in the Middle East and Africa entering a performance realization phase [2] - The industry is expected to benefit from high growth in demand, technological iterations, and increased concentration [2] Group 3: Wind Power and Photovoltaics - The photovoltaic sector is entering a deep adjustment phase in supply and demand, with a new market structure expected to emerge in 2025 due to policy and market competition [3] - Attention is recommended on the supply-side adjustment progress of heavy asset and high-energy consumption segments such as silicon materials and photovoltaic glass, as well as the performance indicators of new technologies like N-type BC routes and new metallization schemes [3] - In the wind power sector, the domestic offshore wind industry is entering a peak construction season, which is expected to enhance industry prosperity, while onshore wind profitability is anticipated to recover as turbine bidding prices stabilize [3] Group 4: Power Grid Equipment - As of the end of March 2025, cumulative investment in the State Grid's power grid is expected to grow by 27.7% year-on-year, with ongoing high-intensity construction of ultra-high voltage projects [4] - Major projects such as the Southeast Tibet to Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao, Shaanxi-Henan, Inner Mongolia to Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Southern Xinjiang to Sichuan-Chongqing, and Kubuqi to Shanghai ultra-high voltage projects are expected to accelerate in 2025, with 4-5 ultra-high voltage direct current lines anticipated to be approved for construction [4] - The increasing reliance on intelligent regulation capabilities in distribution networks is expected to lead to a peak period of intelligent transformation in distribution networks [4]