产业转移加速推进，还有这些阻碍待突破|数说中国

Core Insights - The cultivation and construction of industrial clusters provide strong support for the domestic gradient transfer of industries, becoming an important force in leading and driving regional economic development [1] - The "Blue Book" emphasizes that promoting the orderly transfer of industries domestically is crucial for optimizing productivity spatial layout and promoting regional coordinated development [1] Group 1: Current Economic Environment - The current international economic environment is increasingly unstable, with external demand growth slowing down, making the improvement of "internal circulation" a powerful driving force for economic development [1] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" aims to enhance the modernization level of industrial chains and supply chains, proposing to optimize regional industrial chain layouts and strengthen the capacity of the central and northeastern regions to undertake industrial transfers [1] Group 2: Domestic Gradient Transfer Models - The "Blue Book" categorizes domestic gradient transfer models into five types: cost-driven, technology-driven, industrial chain layout-driven, "flying geese cooperation" driven, and external factors driven [1][2] - The cost-driven transfer model is highlighted as the most typical, where rising labor costs and stricter environmental policies in eastern regions lead companies to relocate to lower-cost central and western regions [2] Group 3: Regional Economic Development - Central regions like Henan, Anhui, and Sichuan have successfully attracted textile industries from Jiangsu and Zhejiang, while the Pearl River Delta's electronic industry is moving to central provinces like Jiangxi and Hunan [2] - The rapid development of advanced manufacturing clusters in central regions focuses on fields such as engineering machinery, smart manufacturing, optoelectronic information, and new materials [2] Group 4: Industrial Cluster Development - In 2022, 45 national advanced manufacturing clusters were announced, with 30 located in eastern regions, 8 in central regions, 5 in western regions, and 2 in northeastern regions [6] - By 2024, the number of new clusters in central and western regions is expected to increase significantly, indicating an accelerated transfer of industries from eastern coastal areas to central and western regions [6] Group 5: Challenges and Recommendations - The "Blue Book" identifies challenges such as insufficient support conditions in central and western regions, administrative barriers, and external pressures on domestic industrial transfers [7] - Recommendations include promoting the construction of a unified domestic market, innovating regional industrial transfer cooperation mechanisms, and exploring cross-regional technology transfer mechanisms [7]