专访极电光能于振瑞：钙钛矿光伏产业化提速，“效率到应用”仍面大考

Core Viewpoint - Perovskite solar cells are gaining attention as a promising next-generation photovoltaic technology, with China leading in conversion efficiency but facing increasing competition from Western countries [1][3]. Industry Overview - China's perovskite technology has repeatedly set world records for conversion efficiency, indicating its global leadership [3]. - However, the path to industrialization is challenging, with early movers in Europe, the US, and Japan intensifying competition [3][4]. - The European Union has invested over €100 million since 2013 to support perovskite research, highlighting the competitive landscape [4]. Competitive Landscape - Major players like Oxford PV in Europe hold significant patents in perovskite-silicon tandem technology, posing a potential threat to China's market position [3]. - In the US, First Solar is advancing in perovskite technology, having acquired a European company and initiated large-scale production lines [4]. - Japan's major companies, including Asahi Kasei and Panasonic, are also investing heavily in perovskite technology, with significant funding announced for 2024 [4]. Domestic Development - The Chinese government is providing substantial support for perovskite technology development, focusing on both research and industrialization [6]. - Current perovskite products are still in the early stages of industrialization, requiring extensive testing in various applications and climates to ensure maturity [6][12]. - The cost-effectiveness of perovskite technology is currently lower than that of silicon, but improvements are expected as technology matures [6]. Production Capabilities - China is largely self-sufficient in equipment and raw materials for perovskite production, though some core equipment and materials still lag behind international standards [9]. - The first GW-scale production line for perovskite modules has been launched, achieving over 17% efficiency and demonstrating significant power generation gains compared to silicon modules [10]. Future Outlook - The industry anticipates a multi-technology landscape in the photovoltaic sector, with both domestic and international leaders coexisting [11]. - Continuous technological iteration is essential to avoid stagnation and maintain competitiveness in the global market [11]. - The commercial application of perovskite technology is expected to accelerate, with several large-scale projects anticipated in the near future [13]. Challenges and Solutions - Key challenges include ensuring long-term stability and efficiency while reducing costs [12][14]. - Collaborative efforts with testing institutions and major energy companies are underway to validate the performance and reliability of perovskite products [14].