敦煌文化传薪者：张大千的破壁风波与常书鸿的守窟人生

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the contrasting contributions of Zhang Daqian and Chang Shuhong to the preservation and promotion of Dunhuang art, highlighting their respective roles as an explorer and a guardian of this cultural heritage [1][8]. Group 1: Zhang Daqian's Contributions - Zhang Daqian's journey to Dunhuang began in 1941, where he spent over two years studying and replicating the murals, significantly contributing to the understanding of Chinese art history [1][2]. - He was the first Chinese scholar to systematically number the caves at Mogao, completing a total of 309 caves, which was a groundbreaking effort in the field [2]. - His work faced controversy due to accusations of damaging the murals during his replication process, leading to a significant backlash from the academic community [3][4]. Group 2: Chang Shuhong's Role - Chang Shuhong arrived in Dunhuang in 1943, taking over the responsibility of preserving the murals after Zhang Daqian's departure, dedicating his life to this cause [4][6]. - He faced severe living conditions and personal sacrifices, including the departure of his wife, yet he remained committed to the protection and study of Dunhuang art [6][7]. - Under his leadership, the Dunhuang Art Research Institute was established, and he became known as the "Guardian of Dunhuang," symbolizing dedication to cultural preservation [6][8]. Group 3: Legacy and Impact - The friendship and collaboration between Zhang Daqian and Chang Shuhong have inspired subsequent generations of artists and scholars to continue the work of preserving Dunhuang's cultural heritage [8]. - Their efforts have led to a resurgence of interest in Dunhuang art, with modern scholars and artists employing digital technology and traditional methods to ensure the longevity of these cultural treasures [8].