科学家解码蝗虫群聚信息素的生物合成途径与行为操控

Core Insights - The research focuses on the biosynthesis pathway of the locust aggregation pheromone 4-vinylphenol (4VA), which is crucial for pest control strategies in agriculture [1][3] - The study reveals that locusts utilize common amino acids from plants to synthesize their specific aggregation pheromone, showcasing an energy-efficient adaptation strategy [2] Group 1: Pheromone Biosynthesis - The complete biosynthesis pathway of 4VA has been elucidated, identifying key precursor compounds and enzymes 4VPMT1 and 4VPMT2 [1] - The transformation of 4VP to 4VA is mediated by the precise regulation of 4VPMTs expression, allowing for the release and termination of the pheromone [2] Group 2: Chemical Regulation - The study developed specific small molecule inhibitors targeting 4VPMTs, enabling precise chemical control over the biosynthesis and release of 4VA [3] - The inhibitor 4-nitrophenol (4NP) competes with 4VP for binding to 4VPMTs, demonstrating a high affinity that allows for selective inhibition of 4VA synthesis [3] Group 3: Implications for Pest Control - This research provides a novel strategy for pest management by intervening in insect pheromone pathways rather than relying on traditional chemical pesticides [3] - The findings suggest a potential shift in pest control methods from reliance on chemical insecticides to more precise and environmentally friendly behavioral regulation [3]