文化新观察丨穿雨林下深海，这里的文物普查不一般

Group 1: Cultural Heritage and Archaeological Discoveries - The fourth national cultural relics census ("Four Census") in Hainan highlights the unique historical relics shaped by the island's tropical climate and geographical features, including living relics like rubber trees from the 1959 experimental plantation [1] - The Nanhuh River site, discovered in 2023, is recognized as the best-preserved and largest Paleolithic site in Hainan, with artifacts dating back approximately 10,000 years, showcasing early human activities and stone tool production [2][4] - The ancient village in Shiqing, with around 800 years of history, exemplifies the harmonious relationship between humans and nature, built on volcanic land with over 100 well-preserved stone houses [5][6] Group 2: Underwater Cultural Heritage and Ongoing Research - The South China Sea Museum in Qionghai displays artifacts from sunken ships, illustrating the rich maritime Silk Road history, with over 400 items recovered from Ming Dynasty shipwrecks [8][9] - The underwater cultural relics census in Hainan is crucial due to the province's vast maritime territory, with recent surveys discovering 27 new cultural heritage sites, including those reflecting local maritime beliefs [10] - As of April 2025, Hainan has completed a thorough review of 4,274 immovable cultural relics, achieving a 100% review rate, and has identified 656 new relics, with ongoing efforts to enhance the national immovable cultural relics database [10]