特朗普“大而美”法案通关遇阻 机构推演美债规模扩大

Core Points - The "Big and Beautiful" tax and spending bill, pushed by President Trump, faces significant delays in the Senate due to Democratic opposition and internal Republican dissent [1][4][6] - The Congressional Budget Office estimates that the bill will increase the U.S. national debt by $3.3 trillion over the next ten years [1][6] - The bill is controversial, with criticisms from both Democrats and some Republicans regarding its potential impact on healthcare and the national debt [4][6][8] Legislative Process - The Senate narrowly passed a procedural vote to advance the "Big and Beautiful" bill, utilizing a special budget reconciliation process that allows it to pass with a simple majority [2][3] - Democrats employed various tactics to delay the bill, including forcing a full reading of the 940-page document, which took approximately 16 hours [2][3] - The final vote on the bill has been postponed to July 30, with ongoing debates and potential amendments expected to further delay the process [2][3] Economic Implications - Trump's administration claims the bill will stimulate economic growth and increase tax revenues, potentially reducing the national debt as a percentage of GDP by 2034 [6] - Contrarily, critics warn that the bill will exacerbate the national debt, with former Treasury Secretary Lawrence Summers suggesting the actual debt increase could exceed $4 trillion [6][7] - The bill proposes significant cuts to government programs, which could lead to millions losing healthcare and nutritional assistance [8][9] Social Impact - The bill is characterized by critics as a transfer of wealth from the poor to the wealthy, with estimates indicating that the richest families could gain an additional $12,000 annually, while the poorest could lose $1,600 [8][9] - The legislation is described as the largest tax cut for billionaires in U.S. history, with significant reductions in healthcare and nutritional support for vulnerable populations [8][9]