中科院院士郑海荣：马斯克的脑机接口方案“太落后了”

Core Viewpoint - The global brain-computer interface (BCI) sector is experiencing significant advancements, with companies like Neuralink and Synchron leading the way in different technological approaches [2][4][6] Group 1: Company Developments - Neuralink has increased its number of human trial participants to 7 and demonstrated the ability to control a robotic arm using thoughts [2] - Synchron has achieved native integration with Apple devices through a new protocol, enhancing its market presence [2] - Precision Neuroscience received FDA approval for a temporary implantable device, marking a step towards commercialization [6] Group 2: Market Growth - The global BCI market is projected to grow from $2.35 billion in 2023 to $10.89 billion by 2033, indicating a substantial increase in investment and interest [4] Group 3: Technological Approaches - Two main technological paths are identified: invasive methods like those used by Neuralink, which require surgical implantation, and less invasive methods like those of Synchron, which utilize blood vessels for sensor delivery [2][6] - The invasive approach has shown promising results, allowing patients to perform complex tasks, but faces challenges related to biological compatibility [5][6] Group 4: Alternative Perspectives - Chinese Academy of Sciences academician Zheng Hairong advocates for non-invasive BCI technologies, arguing that current invasive methods are outdated and lack imagination [3][8] - Zheng proposes using external physical methods like ultrasound and fMRI to read and potentially write brain information without surgical intervention [8][9] Group 5: Future Implications - Zheng predicts that the future of AI will involve a three-stage evolution, culminating in "biological intelligence" achieved through effective brain-computer integration [10][11] - He envisions a healthcare system transformed by AI, moving away from traditional methods to a data-centric model that predicts and manages diseases [12] Group 6: Ethical Considerations - The ethical implications of BCI technology are becoming a global concern, with countries like Chile and Colorado taking legislative steps to protect brain data [13] - Zheng emphasizes the need for strong regulations to ensure that brain-computer interfaces remain under human control, highlighting the potential risks of losing that control [12][13] Group 7: Timeline for Adoption - Zheng estimates that it may take 20 to 30 years for BCI technology to become a part of everyday life for the general public [14]