美国参议院通过“大而美”法案

Core Points - The U.S. Senate passed a comprehensive tax and spending bill, referred to as the "Big and Beautiful" plan, with a vote of 51 to 50, breaking a tie with the Vice President's vote [2][4] - The bill aims to extend and upgrade Trump's tax policies while reducing and adjusting Biden's "Green New Deal" and welfare spending [4] Tax Cuts - The bill plans to reduce taxes by $4 trillion over the next 10 years and cut at least $1.5 trillion in spending [5] - It includes various tax relief measures, such as exempting overtime pay and tips from taxes, and significantly increasing the exemption amounts for estate and gift taxes, with future adjustments based on inflation [7] Spending Cuts - The "Big and Beautiful" plan will cut nearly $1 trillion from Medicaid funding and raise eligibility standards for recipients [9] - It tightens eligibility requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), raising the age limit for food assistance from 54 to 64, which is expected to save $230 billion over the next decade [11] - The plan also eliminates or reduces tax breaks for clean energy projects and electric vehicle purchases initiated during the Biden administration [11] Increased Military Spending and Debt Ceiling - The savings from reduced spending will be redirected to increase military and border security funding [12] - The Senate version of the bill proposes to raise the federal debt ceiling by an additional $5 trillion [12] - According to the Congressional Budget Office, this version of the bill will increase national debt by $3.3 trillion over the next ten years [14]